The invention relates to biosourced vinylidene difluoride. The invention also relates to methods for preparation of biosourced vinylidene difluoride from various renewable raw materials. The invention also relates to homopolymers of vinylidene difluoride obtained from polymerization of said monomer, and also copolymers obtained by copolymerization of said monomer with one or several compatible comonomers. Finally, the invention relates to the use of said homopolymers or copolymers in applications, such as chemical engineering or electronics, in particular mass-market electronic devices.

The invention relates to biosourced vinylidene difluoride. The invention also relates to methods for preparation of biosourced vinylidene difluoride from various renewable raw materials. The invention also relates to homopolymers of vinylidene difluoride obtained from polymerization of said monomer, and also copolymers obtained by copolymerization of said monomer with one or several compatible comonomers. Finally, the invention relates to the use of said homopolymers or copolymers in applications, such as chemical engineering or electronics, in particular mass-market electronic devices.

The invention provides for a method of regenerating a solid adsorbent, such as a molecular sieve or activated carbon, using stable fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds such as, for example, HFC-245cb (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, as a regeneration fluid.

The invention provides for a method of regenerating a solid adsorbent, such as a molecular sieve or activated carbon, using stable fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds such as, for example, HFC-245cb (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, as a regeneration fluid.

A process is disclosed for making CF.sub.3CF═CHF. The process involves reacting CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F with H.sub.2 in a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product mixture comprising CF.sub.3CF═CHF. The catalyst has a catalytically effective amount of palladium supported on a support selected from the group consisting of alumina, fluorided alumina, aluminum fluoride and mixtures thereof and the mole ratio of H.sub.2 to CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F fed to the reaction zone is between about 1:1 and about 5:1. Also disclosed are azeotropic compositions of CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F and HF and azeotropic composition of CF.sub.3CHFCH.sub.2F and HF.

A process is disclosed for making CF.sub.3CF═CHF. The process involves reacting CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F with H.sub.2 in a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product mixture comprising CF.sub.3CF═CHF. The catalyst has a catalytically effective amount of palladium supported on a support selected from the group consisting of alumina, fluorided alumina, aluminum fluoride and mixtures thereof and the mole ratio of H.sub.2 to CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F fed to the reaction zone is between about 1:1 and about 5:1. Also disclosed are azeotropic compositions of CF.sub.3CClFCCl.sub.2F and HF and azeotropic composition of CF.sub.3CHFCH.sub.2F and HF.

Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of fluorinated olefins, and in particularly preferred embodiments tetrafluorinated olefins having F on an unsaturated, non-terminal carbon, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The preferred processes of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment generally comprise: (a) reacting a compound of formula (I)

X.sup.1X.sup.2  (I)

with a compound of formula (II)

CX.sup.1X.sup.2X.sup.3CX.sup.1═CX.sup.1X.sup.2  (II)

to produce a reaction product comprising a compound of formula (III)

CF.sub.3CHX.sup.1CH.sub.2X.sup.2  (III), and (b) exposing said compound of formula (III) to reaction conditions effective to convert said compound of formula (III) to a compound of formula (IV)

CF.sub.3CZ═CH.sub.2  (IV)

wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine and iodine, provided that X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 in formula (I) are not both hydrogen and Z is Cl, I, Br, or F.

Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of fluorinated olefins, and in particularly preferred embodiments tetrafluorinated olefins having F on an unsaturated, non-terminal carbon, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The preferred processes of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment generally comprise: (a) reacting a compound of formula (I)

X.sup.1X.sup.2  (I)

with a compound of formula (II)

CX.sup.1X.sup.2X.sup.3CX.sup.1═CX.sup.1X.sup.2  (II)

to produce a reaction product comprising a compound of formula (III)

CF.sub.3CHX.sup.1CH.sub.2X.sup.2  (III), and (b) exposing said compound of formula (III) to reaction conditions effective to convert said compound of formula (III) to a compound of formula (IV)

CF.sub.3CZ═CH.sub.2  (IV)

wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine and iodine, provided that X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 in formula (I) are not both hydrogen and Z is Cl, I, Br, or F.

Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of fluorinated olefins, and in particularly preferred embodiments tetrafluorinated olefins having F on an unsaturated, non-terminal carbon, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The preferred processes of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment generally comprise: (a) reacting a compound of formula (I)

X.sup.1X.sup.2  (I)

with a compound of formula (II)

CX.sup.1X.sup.2X.sup.3CX.sup.1═CX.sup.1X.sup.2  (II)

to produce a reaction product comprising a compound of formula (III)

CF.sub.3CHX.sup.1CH.sub.2X.sup.2  (III), and (b) exposing said compound of formula (III) to reaction conditions effective to convert said compound of formula (III) to a compound of formula (IV)

CF.sub.3CZ═CH.sub.2  (IV)

wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine and iodine, provided that X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 in formula (I) are not both hydrogen and Z is Cl, I, Br, or F.

The process produces a fluorinated olefin from a fluorinated copolymer having at least one of sulfonic acid groups, carboxylic acid groups, or salts thereof. The process includes heating the fluorinated copolymer at a first temperature not more than 450° C. to decompose at least one of the sulfonic acid groups, carboxylic acid groups, or salts thereof to form a partially pyrolyzed intermediate and subsequently heating the partially pyrolyzed intermediate at a second temperature of at least 550° C. to produce the fluorinated olefin.