To provide a catalyst, which is formed from a perovskite oxide, for thermochemical fuel production, and a method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production that is capable of allowing a fuel to be produced in a thermochemical manner. Provided is a catalyst for thermochemical fuel production, which is used for producing the fuel from thermal energy by using a two-step thermochemical cycle of a first temperature and a second temperature that is equal to or lower than the first temperature, wherein the catalyst is formed from a perovskite oxide having a compositional formula of AXO.sub.3?? (provided that, 0???1). Here, A represents one or more of a rare-earth element (excluding Ce), an alkaline earth metal element, and an alkali metal element, X represents one or more of a transition metal element and a metalloid element, and O represents oxygen.

To provide a catalyst, which is formed from a perovskite oxide, for thermochemical fuel production, and a method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production that is capable of allowing a fuel to be produced in a thermochemical manner. Provided is a catalyst for thermochemical fuel production, which is used for producing the fuel from thermal energy by using a two-step thermochemical cycle of a first temperature and a second temperature that is equal to or lower than the first temperature, wherein the catalyst is formed from a perovskite oxide having a compositional formula of AXO.sub.3?? (provided that, 0???1). Here, A represents one or more of a rare-earth element (excluding Ce), an alkaline earth metal element, and an alkali metal element, X represents one or more of a transition metal element and a metalloid element, and O represents oxygen.

To provide a catalyst, which is formed from a perovskite oxide, for thermochemical fuel production, and a method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production that is capable of allowing a fuel to be produced in a thermochemical manner. Provided is a catalyst for thermochemical fuel production, which is used for producing the fuel from thermal energy by using a two-step thermochemical cycle of a first temperature and a second temperature that is equal to or lower than the first temperature, wherein the catalyst is formed from a perovskite oxide having a compositional formula of AXO.sub.3?? (provided that, 0???1). Here, A represents one or more of a rare-earth element (excluding Ce), an alkaline earth metal element, and an alkali metal element, X represents one or more of a transition metal element and a metalloid element, and O represents oxygen.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Cenobamate and intermediates thereof.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Cenobamate and intermediates thereof.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a haloalkyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (1B), wherein X.sup.1 represents a halogen atom, and R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an n-alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group, the process comprising the steps of converting a haloalkyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (1A), wherein X.sup.1 and R.sup.1 are as defined above, into a nucleophilic reagent, 4-alkoxymethoxy-1-methylbutyl, of the following general formula (2A), wherein M.sup.1A represents Li, MgZ.sup.1A, CuZ.sup.1A, or CuLiZ.sup.1A, Z.sup.1A represents a halogen atom or a 4-alkoxymethoxy-1-methylbutyl group, and R.sup.1 is as defined above, and subsequently subjecting the nucleophilic reagent, 4-alkoxymethoxy-1-methylbutyl (2A), to a nucleophilic addition reaction with propylene oxide of the following formula (3) to obtain 6-hydroxy-4-methylheptyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (4), wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, and subjecting the 6-hydroxy-4-methylheptyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (4) to a halogenation reaction to form the aforesaid haloalkyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (1B).

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a haloalkyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (1B), wherein X.sup.1 represents a halogen atom, and R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an n-alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group, the process comprising the steps of converting a haloalkyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (1A), wherein X.sup.1 and R.sup.1 are as defined above, into a nucleophilic reagent, 4-alkoxymethoxy-1-methylbutyl, of the following general formula (2A), wherein M.sup.1A represents Li, MgZ.sup.1A, CuZ.sup.1A, or CuLiZ.sup.1A, Z.sup.1A represents a halogen atom or a 4-alkoxymethoxy-1-methylbutyl group, and R.sup.1 is as defined above, and subsequently subjecting the nucleophilic reagent, 4-alkoxymethoxy-1-methylbutyl (2A), to a nucleophilic addition reaction with propylene oxide of the following formula (3) to obtain 6-hydroxy-4-methylheptyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (4), wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, and subjecting the 6-hydroxy-4-methylheptyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (4) to a halogenation reaction to form the aforesaid haloalkyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (1B).

##STR00001##

Methods for utilizing carbon dioxide to produce multi-carbon products are disclosed. The systems and methods of the present disclosure involve: reducing CO.sub.2 to produce a first product mixture comprising an alcohol product mixture comprising one or more alcohols and a paraffin product mixture comprising one or more paraffins; dehydrating the alcohol product mixture to form an olefin product mixture comprising one or more olefins; oligomerizing the olefin product mixture to form a higher olefin product mixture comprising unsaturated paraffins and optionally aromatics; and reducing the higher olefin product mixture to form a higher hydrocarbon product mixture comprising unsaturated paraffins and optionally aromatics. Catalyst materials and reaction conditions for individual steps are disclosed to optimize yield for ethanol or jet fuel range hydrocarbons.

Methods for utilizing carbon dioxide to produce multi-carbon products are disclosed. The systems and methods of the present disclosure involve: reducing CO.sub.2 to produce a first product mixture comprising an alcohol product mixture comprising one or more alcohols and a paraffin product mixture comprising one or more paraffins; dehydrating the alcohol product mixture to form an olefin product mixture comprising one or more olefins; oligomerizing the olefin product mixture to form a higher olefin product mixture comprising unsaturated paraffins and optionally aromatics; and reducing the higher olefin product mixture to form a higher hydrocarbon product mixture comprising unsaturated paraffins and optionally aromatics. Catalyst materials and reaction conditions for individual steps are disclosed to optimize yield for ethanol or jet fuel range hydrocarbons.

Carbon dioxide is reacted with methane in a free radical reaction to produce methanol and carbon monoxide. A system for producing carbon dioxide as a feed ingredient for the process through electric power generator is disclosed.