An acid-resistant alloy catalyst, comprising nickel, one or more rare earth element, tin, aluminum and molybdenum. The catalyst is cheap and stable, does not need a carrier, can be stably applied in industrial continuous production, and can lower the production cost.

The present invention concerns an improved process for biorefinery of brown macroalgae, which comprises: (a) contacting the brown macroalgae with a solvent system comprising at least 30 wt % organic solvent, to obtain extracted macroalgae as solid residue and a liquor; and (b) biorefining the extracted macroalgae. The inventors have found that the contacting of step (a) results in an efficient and cost-effective dewatering of the macroalgae, wherein up to 95 wt % of the internal moisture of the macroalgae could be lost without the need for energy-consuming drying techniques. As such, the downstream biorefinery of the extracted macroalgae is greatly facilitated.

The present invention concerns an improved process for biorefinery of brown macroalgae, which comprises: (a) contacting the brown macroalgae with a solvent system comprising at least 30 wt % organic solvent, to obtain extracted macroalgae as solid residue and a liquor; and (b) biorefining the extracted macroalgae. The inventors have found that the contacting of step (a) results in an efficient and cost-effective dewatering of the macroalgae, wherein up to 95 wt % of the internal moisture of the macroalgae could be lost without the need for energy-consuming drying techniques. As such, the downstream biorefinery of the extracted macroalgae is greatly facilitated.

Disclosed are solid or semisolid compositions the including finely divided particles and a water-soluble matrix that dissolves and disperses the particles when in contact with water. Also disclosed are kits for reducing and/or inhibiting odor formation on garment. The kit include one or more containers, wherein at least one of the one or more container includes solid or semisolid compositions the including finely divided particles and a water-soluble matrix that dissolves and disperses the particles when in contact with water. An edible silver delivery system including the compositions is disclosed as are methods of delivering silver to a subject in need thereof.

Disclosed are solid or semisolid compositions the including finely divided particles and a water-soluble matrix that dissolves and disperses the particles when in contact with water. Also disclosed are kits for reducing and/or inhibiting odor formation on garment. The kit include one or more containers, wherein at least one of the one or more container includes solid or semisolid compositions the including finely divided particles and a water-soluble matrix that dissolves and disperses the particles when in contact with water. An edible silver delivery system including the compositions is disclosed as are methods of delivering silver to a subject in need thereof.

The present invention relates to a system for jointly producing erythritol and liquid sorbitol by using a corn starch, including a liquefaction tank, a saccharification tank, a filter and a nanofiltration assembly. The liquefaction tank is used to perform liquefaction for the corn starch, the saccharification tank is used to perform saccharification for the liquefied material, the filter is used to filter out impurities in the saccharified material to obtain a glucose liquid, and the nanofiltration assembly is used to perform nanofiltration for the filtered glucose liquid to respectively obtain a dialysate and a concentrate. The system further includes a fermentation and crystallization assembly for performing fermentation and crystallization for the dialysate to prepare crystalline erythritol, and a hydrogenation and evaporation assembly for performing hydrogenation and evaporation for the concentrate to prepare liquid sorbitol. The present invention further provides a method of jointly producing erythritol and liquid sorbitol by using a corn starch. The present invention not only improves the purity of erythritol but also obtains liquid sorbitol, thus improving the utilization value of the corn starch.

The present invention relates to a system for jointly producing erythritol and liquid sorbitol by using a corn starch, including a liquefaction tank, a saccharification tank, a filter and a nanofiltration assembly. The liquefaction tank is used to perform liquefaction for the corn starch, the saccharification tank is used to perform saccharification for the liquefied material, the filter is used to filter out impurities in the saccharified material to obtain a glucose liquid, and the nanofiltration assembly is used to perform nanofiltration for the filtered glucose liquid to respectively obtain a dialysate and a concentrate. The system further includes a fermentation and crystallization assembly for performing fermentation and crystallization for the dialysate to prepare crystalline erythritol, and a hydrogenation and evaporation assembly for performing hydrogenation and evaporation for the concentrate to prepare liquid sorbitol. The present invention further provides a method of jointly producing erythritol and liquid sorbitol by using a corn starch. The present invention not only improves the purity of erythritol but also obtains liquid sorbitol, thus improving the utilization value of the corn starch.

A method for reduction of sugars. The first step is providing a solution of a sugar comprising from five to twenty carbon atoms. The second step is contacting said solution with hydrogen gas and a catalyst. The catalyst is an ion exchange resin comprising Ru.

A method for reduction of sugars. The first step is providing a solution of a sugar comprising from five to twenty carbon atoms. The second step is contacting said solution with hydrogen gas and a catalyst. The catalyst is an ion exchange resin comprising Ru.

The present invention discloses an inventive method for manufacturing a catalyst using alloy granules having a high-Ni content. The inventive method may include providing alloy granules comprising aluminum and nickel, and treating the alloy granules with an alkaline solution to form the catalyst. A content of the nickel in the alloy granules may be within a range of about 43 wt % to about 60 wt %. The alloy granules may have effective diameters within a range of about 1 mm to about 10 mm. The catalyst may have an attrition value of less than about 7.0%.