A plant leaves-derived carbon material doped with two metals and preparation and use thereof are provided, the carbon material prepared by carbonizing, in an inert atmosphere, plant leaves which have absorbed ions of two metals M1 and M2. The metal M1 is Co, Mn, or Fe. The metal M2 is Ni, Cu, or Zn. The carbon material can be used as an efficient, green, and safe catalyst for the selective oxidation of cycloalkanes to produce cycloalkanols and cycloalkanones, and enable an increased selectivity of the target products (thus less by-products), a low yield of cycloalkyl peroxides, reduced reaction temperature, low environmental impact, and safe production.

A plant leaves-derived carbon material doped with two metals and preparation and use thereof are provided, the carbon material prepared by carbonizing, in an inert atmosphere, plant leaves which have absorbed ions of two metals M1 and M2. The metal M1 is Co, Mn, or Fe. The metal M2 is Ni, Cu, or Zn. The carbon material can be used as an efficient, green, and safe catalyst for the selective oxidation of cycloalkanes to produce cycloalkanols and cycloalkanones, and enable an increased selectivity of the target products (thus less by-products), a low yield of cycloalkyl peroxides, reduced reaction temperature, low environmental impact, and safe production.

The present invention relates to catalytically active material, comprising grains of non-graphitizing carbon with cobalt nanoparticles dispersed therein, wherein d.sub.p, the average diameter of cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm, D, the average distance between cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 2 nm to 150 nm, and ω, the combined total mass fraction of metal in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 30 wt % to 70 wt % of the total mass of the non-graphitizing carbon grains, and wherein d.sub.p, D and ω conform to the following relation: 4.5 d.sub.p/ω>D≥0.25 d.sub.p/ω. The present invention, further, relates to a process for the manufacture of material according to the invention, as well as its use as a catalyst.

The present invention relates to catalytically active material, comprising grains of non-graphitizing carbon with cobalt nanoparticles dispersed therein, wherein d.sub.p, the average diameter of cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm, D, the average distance between cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 2 nm to 150 nm, and ω, the combined total mass fraction of metal in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 30 wt % to 70 wt % of the total mass of the non-graphitizing carbon grains, and wherein d.sub.p, D and ω conform to the following relation: 4.5 d.sub.p/ω>D≥0.25 d.sub.p/ω. The present invention, further, relates to a process for the manufacture of material according to the invention, as well as its use as a catalyst.

A process for the construction of a second chemical plant, which second chemical plant is suitable for the separation of cyclohexanone from a second mixture, which second mixture comprises reaction products from the hydrogenation of phenol, said process comprising: a) providing a first chemical plant, which first chemical plant is suitable for the separation of cyclohexanone from a first mixture, which first mixture comprises reaction products from the oxidation of cyclohexane, and which first plant comprises: i) a distillation column (C) suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexane; ii) a distillation column suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexanone; iii) a cyclohexane oxidation unit (A) suitable for the oxidation of cyclohexane; and iv) a heat recovery unit (B) suitable for the recovery of heat from off-gas from the cyclohexane oxidation unit suitable for the oxidation of cyclohexane; b) disabling in said first chemical plant, said distillation column (C) suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexane, said cyclohexane oxidation unit (A) and said heat recovery unit (B), wherein the second chemical plant comprises a distillation column (F) suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexanone reused from the first chemical plant, wherein each of the first chemical plant and the second chemical plant comprise a distillation column (E) suitable for distilling overhead components having a lower boiling point than cyclohexanone; a distillation column (G) suitable for distilling overhead a mixture comprising cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone in a wt.:wt. ratio of at least 4:1; and a cyclohexanol dehydrogenation unit (H) suitable for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone.

A process for the construction of a second chemical plant, which second chemical plant is suitable for the separation of cyclohexanone from a second mixture, which second mixture comprises reaction products from the hydrogenation of phenol, said process comprising: a) providing a first chemical plant, which first chemical plant is suitable for the separation of cyclohexanone from a first mixture, which first mixture comprises reaction products from the oxidation of cyclohexane, and which first plant comprises: i) a distillation column (C) suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexane; ii) a distillation column suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexanone; iii) a cyclohexane oxidation unit (A) suitable for the oxidation of cyclohexane; and iv) a heat recovery unit (B) suitable for the recovery of heat from off-gas from the cyclohexane oxidation unit suitable for the oxidation of cyclohexane; b) disabling in said first chemical plant, said distillation column (C) suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexane, said cyclohexane oxidation unit (A) and said heat recovery unit (B), wherein the second chemical plant comprises a distillation column (F) suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexanone reused from the first chemical plant, wherein each of the first chemical plant and the second chemical plant comprise a distillation column (E) suitable for distilling overhead components having a lower boiling point than cyclohexanone; a distillation column (G) suitable for distilling overhead a mixture comprising cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone in a wt.:wt. ratio of at least 4:1; and a cyclohexanol dehydrogenation unit (H) suitable for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone.

The disclosure relates to dicarbonyl complexes of ruthenium and osmium with bi- and tridentate nitrogen and phosphine ligands. The disclosure relates to methods for preparing these complexes and the use of these complexes, isolated or prepared in situ, as catalysts for reduction reactions of ketones and aldehydes both via transfer hydrogenation or hydrogenation with hydrogen.

The disclosure relates to dicarbonyl complexes of ruthenium and osmium with bi- and tridentate nitrogen and phosphine ligands. The disclosure relates to methods for preparing these complexes and the use of these complexes, isolated or prepared in situ, as catalysts for reduction reactions of ketones and aldehydes both via transfer hydrogenation or hydrogenation with hydrogen.

A method of producing an alcohol, comprises reducing an aldehyde or a ketone with a hydridosilatrane. The reducing is carried out with an activator.

A method of producing an alcohol, comprises reducing an aldehyde or a ketone with a hydridosilatrane. The reducing is carried out with an activator.