An alkoxyvinyl ether is disclosed having the chemical structure R.sub.fC(OR)═CHR.sub.f′, wherein R.sub.f is an at least partially fluorinated functional group having at least one carbon atom, R.sub.f′ is an at least partially fluorinated functional group having at least two carbon atoms, and R is a functional group. A method for preparing an alkoxyvinyl ether is disclosed, comprising R.sub.fCFHCFHR.sub.f′+KOH/ROH.fwdarw.R.sub.fC(OR)═CHR.sub.f′, wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoro functional group, R.sub.f′ is a perfluoro functional group, and R is an alkyl functional group. Another method for preparing an alkoxyvinyl ether is disclosed, comprising R.sub.fCF═CHR.sub.f′+KOH/ROH.fwdarw.R.sub.fC(OR)═CHR.sub.f′, wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoro functional group, R.sub.f′ is a perfluoro functional group, and R is an alkyl functional group.

The present disclosure relates to substituted hydroxystilbene compounds and derivatives, specifically 2-substituted hydroxystilbene compounds and derivatives, the synthesis of such compounds and their use in therapy.

The present disclosure relates to substituted hydroxystilbene compounds and derivatives, specifically 2-substituted hydroxystilbene compounds and derivatives, the synthesis of such compounds and their use in therapy.

An object of the present invention is to provide, for example, a novel method for synthesizing a fluorovinyl ether compound from a fluorine-containing vinyl compound. This problem is solved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein
R.sup.a1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogeno group, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aromatic group optionally having one or more substituents,
Rf is a fluoro group or a perfluoroalkyl group,
R.sup.a2 is a hydrogen atom, a halogeno group, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aromatic group optionally having one or more substituents, or
(i) R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2, (ii) R.sup.a1 and Rf, or (iii) Rf and R.sup.a2 may be linked to each other,
R.sup.b1 is R.sup.s,
R.sup.b2 is a hydrogen atom or R.sup.s,
R.sup.b3 is a hydrogen atom or R.sup.s, or
two or three of R.sup.b1, R.sup.b2, and R.sup.b3, taken together with the adjacent carbon atom, may form a ring optionally having one or more substituents, and
R.sup.s, in each occurrence, is the same or different and represents a hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents, the method comprising
step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein
R.sup.x is a leaving group, and
other symbols are as defined above,
with a compound represented by formula (3):

##STR00003##

wherein the symbols in the formula are as defined above,
in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

An object of the present invention is to provide, for example, a novel method for synthesizing a fluorovinyl ether compound from a fluorine-containing vinyl compound. This problem is solved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein
R.sup.a1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogeno group, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aromatic group optionally having one or more substituents,
Rf is a fluoro group or a perfluoroalkyl group,
R.sup.a2 is a hydrogen atom, a halogeno group, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aromatic group optionally having one or more substituents, or
(i) R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2, (ii) R.sup.a1 and Rf, or (iii) Rf and R.sup.a2 may be linked to each other,
R.sup.b1 is R.sup.s,
R.sup.b2 is a hydrogen atom or R.sup.s,
R.sup.b3 is a hydrogen atom or R.sup.s, or
two or three of R.sup.b1, R.sup.b2, and R.sup.b3, taken together with the adjacent carbon atom, may form a ring optionally having one or more substituents, and
R.sup.s, in each occurrence, is the same or different and represents a hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents, the method comprising
step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein
R.sup.x is a leaving group, and
other symbols are as defined above,
with a compound represented by formula (3):

##STR00003##

wherein the symbols in the formula are as defined above,
in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

An object of the present invention is to provide, for example, a novel method for synthesizing a fluorovinyl ether compound from a fluorine-containing vinyl compound. This problem is solved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein
R.sup.a1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogeno group, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aromatic group optionally having one or more substituents,
Rf is a fluoro group or a perfluoroalkyl group,
R.sup.a2 is a hydrogen atom, a halogeno group, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aromatic group optionally having one or more substituents, or
(i) R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2, (ii) R.sup.a1 and Rf, or (iii) Rf and R.sup.a2 may be linked to each other,
R.sup.b1 is R.sup.s,
R.sup.b2 is a hydrogen atom or R.sup.s,
R.sup.b3 is a hydrogen atom or R.sup.s, or
two or three of R.sup.b1, R.sup.b2, and R.sup.b3, taken together with the adjacent carbon atom, may form a ring optionally having one or more substituents, and
R.sup.s, in each occurrence, is the same or different and represents a hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents, the method comprising
step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein
R.sup.x is a leaving group, and
other symbols are as defined above,
with a compound represented by formula (3):

##STR00003##

wherein the symbols in the formula are as defined above,
in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

A method of etherifying glycols or other diols by employing renewable reagents is disclosed. In particular, the method involves contacting a diol with an alkylating agent in an alcoholic solvent, catalyzed with a catalyst (carbonic acid) generated in situ (from CO.sub.2). The mono- and di-ether products can serve as valued precursors to an array of renewable surfactants, dispersants, and lubricants, among others.

A method of etherifying glycols or other diols by employing renewable reagents is disclosed. In particular, the method involves contacting a diol with an alkylating agent in an alcoholic solvent, catalyzed with a catalyst (carbonic acid) generated in situ (from CO.sub.2). The mono- and di-ether products can serve as valued precursors to an array of renewable surfactants, dispersants, and lubricants, among others.

A method of etherifying glycols or other diols by employing renewable reagents is disclosed. In particular, the method involves contacting a diol with an alkylating agent in an alcoholic solvent, catalyzed with a catalyst (carbonic acid) generated in situ (from CO.sub.2). The mono- and di-ether products can serve as valued precursors to an array of renewable surfactants, dispersants, and lubricants, among others.

Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of the active ingredients ospemifene and fispemifene which comprises reacting phenol 4 with an alkylating agent X—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—Y of formula 7, wherein X is a leaving group and Y is the —(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOH group wherein n is zero or 1; or X and Y, taken together, represent an oxygen atom; to give ospemifene or fispemifene of formula 8.

##STR00001##