Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of the active ingredients ospemifene and fispemifene which comprises reacting phenol 4 with an alkylating agent X—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—Y of formula 7, wherein X is a leaving group and Y is the —(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOH group wherein n is zero or 1; or X and Y, taken together, represent an oxygen atom; to give ospemifene or fispemifene of formula 8.

##STR00001##

Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of the active ingredients ospemifene and fispemifene which comprises reacting phenol 4 with an alkylating agent X—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—Y of formula 7, wherein X is a leaving group and Y is the —(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOH group wherein n is zero or 1; or X and Y, taken together, represent an oxygen atom; to give ospemifene or fispemifene of formula 8.

##STR00001##

Disclosed is an anti-oxidation stabilizer, which has the following structure (A), wherein R1 is a connection chain, and the connection chain is a fatty chain, an aromatic structural chain or a fatty and aromatic structurally combined chain; R2 is (B), and X is O, S, N or NH or —CONR—, Z is O, S, N or NH, and X is different from Z; R is a fatty chain, an aromatic group, a sterically hindered amine or sterically hindered phenol, R3 is a fatty chain, an aromatic group, a sterically hindered amine or sterically hindered phenol, and R is identical to R3, or R is different from R3; n is a positive integer including 1, n1 is a positive integer including 1, and n is identical to n1, or n is different from n1.

Disclosed is an anti-oxidation stabilizer, which has the following structure (A), wherein R1 is a connection chain, and the connection chain is a fatty chain, an aromatic structural chain or a fatty and aromatic structurally combined chain; R2 is (B), and X is O, S, N or NH or —CONR—, Z is O, S, N or NH, and X is different from Z; R is a fatty chain, an aromatic group, a sterically hindered amine or sterically hindered phenol, R3 is a fatty chain, an aromatic group, a sterically hindered amine or sterically hindered phenol, and R is identical to R3, or R is different from R3; n is a positive integer including 1, n1 is a positive integer including 1, and n is identical to n1, or n is different from n1.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A novel agent for introducing a protecting group for a hydroxy group and/or a mercapto group that can be introduced and removed under mild conditions is provided. The agent for introducing a protecting group for a hydroxy group and/or mercapto group of a substrate compound having the hydroxy group and/or mercapto group is represented by the following formula (I), wherein A represents a ring structure having 1 to 5 rings in which two carbon atoms of an adjacent benzene ring are included, the ring structure comprises a substituted or unsubstituted five-membered ring or six-membered ring and optionally include a heterocycle; each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is independently a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and X is a halogen atom or OSO.sub.2R.sup.5 (R.sup.5=an aryl group or an alkyl group).

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound having the formula (I), said process comprising the following steps: a) the addition of an oxygen source into a solution of a compound of formula (II), in a water-miscible solvent, b) the addition of a laccase in the solution obtained after step a); and c) the possible recovering of the compound of formula (I) thus obtained.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound having the formula (I), said process comprising the following steps: a) the addition of an oxygen source into a solution of a compound of formula (II), in a water-miscible solvent, b) the addition of a laccase in the solution obtained after step a); and c) the possible recovering of the compound of formula (I) thus obtained.

##STR00001##