A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

A compound represented by a formula [1D] as shown below (wherein R.sup.1A, R.sup.1B, R.sup.2A, R.sup.2B, R.sup.3A and R.sup.3B represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, and the like) is useful as an intermediate for producing a thionucleoside, and the production method of the present invention is useful as a method for producing a thionucleoside. ##STR00001##

A compound represented by a formula [1D] as shown below (wherein R.sup.1A, R.sup.1B, R.sup.2A, R.sup.2B, R.sup.3A and R.sup.3B represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, and the like) is useful as an intermediate for producing a thionucleoside, and the production method of the present invention is useful as a method for producing a thionucleoside. ##STR00001##

The subject invention pertains to myricanol derivatives, therapeutic compositions, and methods for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular, neurodegenerative dieses associated with abnormal accumulation of protein tau.

The subject invention pertains to myricanol derivatives, therapeutic compositions, and methods for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular, neurodegenerative dieses associated with abnormal accumulation of protein tau.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing optically active carbonyl compound, comprising the following steps: under the catalysis of chiral amine salt and transition metal catalysts, with hydrogen and catalytic amount of dihydropyridine compound as hydrogen source, use , -unsaturated aldehydes or , -unsaturated troponoid compounds to conduct asymmetric catalytic reaction to obtain the optically active carbonyl compound. This method comes in moderate reaction condition, simple operation, and catalytic amount of dihydropyridine compounds usage, the target product is easy to be separated and purified from the reaction system, and the metal catalyst can be recycled, it is economical.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing optically active carbonyl compound, comprising the following steps: under the catalysis of chiral amine salt and transition metal catalysts, with hydrogen and catalytic amount of dihydropyridine compound as hydrogen source, use , -unsaturated aldehydes or , -unsaturated troponoid compounds to conduct asymmetric catalytic reaction to obtain the optically active carbonyl compound. This method comes in moderate reaction condition, simple operation, and catalytic amount of dihydropyridine compounds usage, the target product is easy to be separated and purified from the reaction system, and the metal catalyst can be recycled, it is economical.

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.