An improved chemical probe for the detection of the amino acid citrulline combines: 1) a reactive head formed of 1,3-dicarbonyl moiety that reacts with a citrulline side chain in an improved manner compared to currently used 1,2-dicarbonyl moieties; and 2) a modular action of the probe where citrulline side chains are labeled first using reactive heads described above, and attachment of a read-out subunit or tag, be it a fluorophore, a nanoparticle, or an antigen is performed separately. The modular nature of the chemical probe increases the sensitivity of the probes due to their smaller size. Additionally, the chemical probes of the present disclosure allow the same sample to be analyzed using a variety of read-out methods.

The present invention comprises novel aromatic molecules, which can be used in the treatment of pathological conditions, such as cancer, skin diseases, muscle disorders, and immune system-related disorders such as disorders of the haematopoietic system including the haematologic system in human and veterinary medicine.

The present invention comprises novel aromatic molecules, which can be used in the treatment of pathological conditions, such as cancer, skin diseases, muscle disorders, and immune system-related disorders such as disorders of the haematopoietic system including the haematologic system in human and veterinary medicine.

This disclosure provides compositions of metal-binding fluorinated compounds and associated methods for producing cellular labels for tracking cells by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and related methods.

Provided are a crystal form I of a curcumin derivative (C66), a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. An X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the crystal form I contains following characteristic peaks for 2θ reflection angle determination: 8.4±0.2°, 11.5±0.2°, 13.1±0.1°, 16.6±0.2°, 18.8±0.1°, and 21.2±0.1°. No sharp diffraction peak exists at 33.5±0.2° and 38.1±0.2°. A structure of the curcumin derivative is shown in formula (I) as follows:

##STR00001##

Provided are a crystal form I of a curcumin derivative (C66), a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. An X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the crystal form I contains following characteristic peaks for 2θ reflection angle determination: 8.4±0.2°, 11.5±0.2°, 13.1±0.1°, 16.6±0.2°, 18.8±0.1°, and 21.2±0.1°. No sharp diffraction peak exists at 33.5±0.2° and 38.1±0.2°. A structure of the curcumin derivative is shown in formula (I) as follows:

##STR00001##

A method for isolating curcuminoids from turmeric rhizome includes the steps of a) subjecting the turmeric rhizome to extraction with a first ethanol solution having an ethanol concentration ranging from 90% to 100% at a stirring speed ranging from 100 rpm to 300 rpm so as to obtain an ethanol-extracted product; and b) subjecting the ethanol-extracted product to crystallization with a second ethanol solution having an ethanol concentration ranging from 90% to 100 at a temperature ranging from 2° C. to 8° C. and a stirring speed ranging from 40 rpm to 300 rpm so as to obtain the curcuminoids.

A method for isolating curcuminoids from turmeric rhizome includes the steps of a) subjecting the turmeric rhizome to extraction with a first ethanol solution having an ethanol concentration ranging from 90% to 100% at a stirring speed ranging from 100 rpm to 300 rpm so as to obtain an ethanol-extracted product; and b) subjecting the ethanol-extracted product to crystallization with a second ethanol solution having an ethanol concentration ranging from 90% to 100 at a temperature ranging from 2° C. to 8° C. and a stirring speed ranging from 40 rpm to 300 rpm so as to obtain the curcuminoids.

The present invention provide for preparing a formylalkenyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (2): R.sup.3CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2O(CH.sub.2).sub.aCH═CHCHO (2), wherein R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an n-alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group; and “a” represents an integer of 1 to 10, the process comprising: hydrolyzing a dialkoxyalkenyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (1): R.sup.3CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2O(CH.sub.2).sub.aCH═CHCH(OR.sup.1)(OR.sup.2) (1), wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent, independently of each other, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may form together a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1-R.sup.2, having 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 and “a” are as defined above, in the presence of an acid while removing an alcohol compound thus generated to form the formylalkenyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (2).

Disclosed herein are compounds and compositions for nematode treatment. In particular, disclosed are compounds of formula (I), a method of treating a plant or a growing media for a nematode with compounds of formula (II), compositions, and methods of use.