The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

The present invention provides multifunctional monomers, including, but not limited to include multifunctional methylene malonate and methylene beta-ketoester monomers; methods for producing the same; and compositions and products formed therefrom. The multifunctional monomers of the invention may be produced by transesterification or by direct synthesis from monofunctional methylene malonate monomers or methylene beta-ketoester monomers. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-ketoester monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

The present invention provides multifunctional monomers, including, but not limited to include multifunctional methylene malonate and methylene beta-ketoester monomers; methods for producing the same; and compositions and products formed therefrom. The multifunctional monomers of the invention may be produced by transesterification or by direct synthesis from monofunctional methylene malonate monomers or methylene beta-ketoester monomers. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-ketoester monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

The present invention relates to a Sonogashira-Carbonylation reaction using two types of gas, as well as novel crystals which can control a heat of the said reaction and the process of producing the same. In addition, the present invention relates to a ligand (additive) to prevent the deactivation of a palladium catalyst.

The present teachings are directed at polymers, polymeric compositions, polymerizable compositions, and articles including a 1,1-disubstituted alkene monomers (e.g., methylene beta-diketone monomers) and one or more formulation materials. The monomer preferably is a high purity monomer. Preferably, the amount of ketals (e.g., in the polymerizable composition) is less than about 100 ppm and/or the amount of latent acid-forming impurities (e.g., in the polymerizable composition) is less than about 100 ppm (e.g., based on the total weight of the monomer). Preferably, the methylene beta-diketone monomer is a high purity monomer having a purity of about 95 weight percent or more. The monomer(s) may be employed in compositions and products, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

The present teachings are directed at polymers, polymeric compositions, polymerizable compositions, and articles including a 1,1-disubstituted alkene monomers (e.g., methylene beta-diketone monomers) and one or more formulation materials. The monomer preferably is a high purity monomer. Preferably, the amount of ketals (e.g., in the polymerizable composition) is less than about 100 ppm and/or the amount of latent acid-forming impurities (e.g., in the polymerizable composition) is less than about 100 ppm (e.g., based on the total weight of the monomer). Preferably, the methylene beta-diketone monomer is a high purity monomer having a purity of about 95 weight percent or more. The monomer(s) may be employed in compositions and products, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

Disclosed are double salt ionic liquids that include at least one organic cation and at least two metal halide anions. Methods of making the double salt ionic liquids can include combining two or more metal halide containing salts, wherein the metal halide containing salts include at least one organic cation and at least two metal halide anions. The reaction between the two or more salts at any ratio allows fine tuning, rate of dissolution, solubility, and bioavailability of the double salt ionic liquids. The ionic liquids disclosed herein can be used as a catalyst for catalyzing a chemical reaction. The chemical reaction can be an acid catalyzed chemical reaction such as a Lewis acid catalyzed reaction, a Beckmann rearrangement reaction, a Meyer-Schuster rearrangement reaction, a heterocyclic synthesis, a reaction for biodiesel production, a mercury-catalyzed type reaction, or a hydrogen-fluoride catalyzed type reaction.