The present disclosure provides processes for the preparation of a compound of formula: ##STR00001##
which is useful as an antiviral agent. The disclosure also provides compounds that are synthetic intermediates.

Methods of preparing fluorinated compounds by carboxylative fluorination using fluoride are contained herein. Fluorinated compounds are provided. Methods of using fluorinated compounds are contained herein.

Methods of preparing fluorinated compounds by carboxylative fluorination using fluoride are contained herein. Fluorinated compounds are provided. Methods of using fluorinated compounds are contained herein.

Methods described herein enable the production of numerous molecular species through decarboxylative cross-coupling via use of photoredox and transition metal catalysts. A method described herein, in some embodiments, comprises providing a reaction mixture including a photoredox catalyst, a transition metal catalyst, a coupling partner and a substrate having a carboxyl group. The reaction mixture is irradiated with a radiation source resulting in cross-coupling of the substrate and coupling partner via a mechanism including decarboxylation, wherein the coupling partner is selected from the group consisting of a substituted aromatic compound and a substituted aliphatic compound.

Methods described herein enable the production of numerous molecular species through decarboxylative cross-coupling via use of photoredox and transition metal catalysts. A method described herein, in some embodiments, comprises providing a reaction mixture including a photoredox catalyst, a transition metal catalyst, a coupling partner and a substrate having a carboxyl group. The reaction mixture is irradiated with a radiation source resulting in cross-coupling of the substrate and coupling partner via a mechanism including decarboxylation, wherein the coupling partner is selected from the group consisting of a substituted aromatic compound and a substituted aliphatic compound.

Methods described herein enable the production of numerous molecular species through decarboxylative cross-coupling via use of photoredox and transition metal catalysts. A method described herein, in some embodiments, comprises providing a reaction mixture including a photoredox catalyst, a transition metal catalyst, a coupling partner and a substrate having a carboxyl group. The reaction mixture is irradiated with a radiation source resulting in cross-coupling of the substrate and coupling partner via a mechanism including decarboxylation, wherein the coupling partner is selected from the group consisting of a substituted aromatic compound and a substituted aliphatic compound.

The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of (R)-1-(5-chloro-[1,1-biphenyl]-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 1-(5-chloro-[1,1-biphenyl]-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone, and intermediates thereof, which are useful in the preparation of inhibitors of TPH1 for the treatment of, for example, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, inflammatory, metabolic, low bone mass diseases, serotonin syndrome, and cancer.

The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of (R)-1-(5-chloro-[1,1-biphenyl]-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 1-(5-chloro-[1,1-biphenyl]-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone, and intermediates thereof, which are useful in the preparation of inhibitors of TPH1 for the treatment of, for example, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, inflammatory, metabolic, low bone mass diseases, serotonin syndrome, and cancer.

The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of (R)-1-(5-chloro-[1,1-biphenyl]-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 1-(5-chloro-[1,1-biphenyl]-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone, and intermediates thereof, which are useful in the preparation of inhibitors of TPH1 for the treatment of, for example, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, inflammatory, metabolic, low bone mass diseases, serotonin syndrome, and cancer.

The present teachings are directed at 1,1-di substituted alkene monomers (e.g., methylene beta-ketoester monomers), methods for producing the same, polymerizable compositions including a methylene beta-ketoester monomer, and polymers, compositions and products formed therefrom. The monomer preferably is a high purity monomer. In the method for producing the methylene beta-ketoesters of the invention, a beta-ketoester may be reacted with a source of formaldehyde. The methylene beta-ketoester monomers may be used in monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).