Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene: ligand/Pd ratio.

Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene: ligand/Pd ratio.

Process for the direct conversion of alkenes to carboxylic acids.

Process for the direct conversion of alkenes to carboxylic acids.

Process for the direct conversion of alkenes to carboxylic acids.

Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene:sulfuric acid/ligand ratio.

Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene:sulfuric acid/ligand ratio.

Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene:sulfuric acid/ligand ratio.

Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene:acetic acid/diisobutene ratio.

Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene:acetic acid/diisobutene ratio.