The present invention relates to a formate production method including: a first step of producing a formate by causing a reaction between carbon dioxide and hydrogen in a solution containing a solvent, a catalyst dissolved in the solvent, and a metal salt or an organic salt; and a second step of separating, by a separation membrane, the catalyst from a reaction solution obtained in the first step, in which the catalyst contains at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of metal elements belonging to Group 8, Group 9, and Group 10 of a periodic table.

The present invention provides a method of preparing oxalic acid (H.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4), the method at least comprising the steps of: (a) providing a metal formate (HCO.sub.2M) containing stream, wherein the metal (M) of the metal formate (HCO.sub.2M) is a monovalent metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb and a mixture thereof; (b) heating the metal formate (HCO.sub.2M) containing stream thereby obtaining a metal oxalate (M.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4) containing stream; (c) subjecting the metal oxalate (M.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4) containing stream to electrodialysis, thereby obtaining at least oxalic acid (M.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4) and a metal hydroxide (MOH).

The present invention provides a method of preparing oxalic acid (H.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4), the method at least comprising the steps of: (a) providing a metal formate (HCO.sub.2M) containing stream, wherein the metal (M) of the metal formate (HCO.sub.2M) is a monovalent metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb and a mixture thereof; (b) heating the metal formate (HCO.sub.2M) containing stream thereby obtaining a metal oxalate (M.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4) containing stream; (c) subjecting the metal oxalate (M.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4) containing stream to electrodialysis, thereby obtaining at least oxalic acid (M.sub.2C.sub.2O.sub.4) and a metal hydroxide (MOH).

The subject invention concerns a method for identifying complementary chemical functionalities to form a desired supramolecular synthon. The subject invention also pertains to multiple-component phase compositions comprising one or more pharmaceutical entities and methods for producing such compositions.

The subject invention concerns a method for identifying complementary chemical functionalities to form a desired supramolecular synthon. The subject invention also pertains to multiple-component phase compositions comprising one or more pharmaceutical entities and methods for producing such compositions.

A green chemistry hydrometallurgical process for recovering one or more metals from a metal-containing material includes leaching the metal-containing material with formic acid, obtaining a leachate comprising the one or more metals as one or more metal formates, and precipitating at least one of the one or more metal formates. The metal-containing material may be a lithium-ion battery cathode material, resulting in Li formate remaining in solution and precipitation of salts including one or more of Ni, Co, and Mn formates. Steps may include filtration of the leachate, sulphurization of retained metal formate salts to produce metal sulphate salts, purification of filtered leachate by adding lithium carbonate and filtering, dewatering of the purified leachate, and thermal decomposition of resulting lithium salts to produce battery grade lithium carbonate. Carbon dioxide, water, and formic acid may be recovered and reused, without liquid or solid waste produced.

A green chemistry hydrometallurgical process for recovering one or more metals from a metal-containing material includes leaching the metal-containing material with formic acid, obtaining a leachate comprising the one or more metals as one or more metal formates, and precipitating at least one of the one or more metal formates. The metal-containing material may be a lithium-ion battery cathode material, resulting in Li formate remaining in solution and precipitation of salts including one or more of Ni, Co, and Mn formates. Steps may include filtration of the leachate, sulphurization of retained metal formate salts to produce metal sulphate salts, purification of filtered leachate by adding lithium carbonate and filtering, dewatering of the purified leachate, and thermal decomposition of resulting lithium salts to produce battery grade lithium carbonate. Carbon dioxide, water, and formic acid may be recovered and reused, without liquid or solid waste produced.

Pyrimidone compounds defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for treating diseases and condition in which HNE is implicated.

Pyrimidone compounds defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for treating diseases and condition in which HNE is implicated.

The invention relates to a process for obtaining a formate from a reaction mixture (10) in which a polyoxometallate ion, which acts as a catalyst, is in contact with an organic material at a temperature below 120° C. to produce formic acid in an aqueous solution, with the following steps. a) separating a mixture of formic acid and water from the reaction mixture by reverse osmosis and/or as vapor (18), the vapor (18) subsequently being condensed, and b) reacting the formic acid with a hydroxide (24) in aqueous solution to produce a solution of a formate.