A calcium carboxylate is prepared by reacting water, calcium oxide, and a compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R is a C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl and R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 or C.sub.2 alkyl. The reaction solution is heated to remove an amount of a co-product from the reaction solution. The calcium carboxylate may be recovered in a solid form from the reaction solution.

A calcium carboxylate is prepared by reacting water, calcium oxide, and a compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R is a C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl and R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 or C.sub.2 alkyl. The reaction solution is heated to remove an amount of a co-product from the reaction solution. The calcium carboxylate may be recovered in a solid form from the reaction solution.

The present invention belongs to the pharmaceutical field, and provides the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compound (S)-7-(4-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)phenyl)-N-(morpholin-2-ylmethyl)pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-amine and the crystalline forms thereof, the solvates and the crystalline forms thereof, the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same as well as the methods of preparing the same and the use thereof.

Disclosed is a method for preparing salicylamine acetate. The method comprises the steps of: (1) carrying out amino protection on salicylaldehyde having a structure represented by formula 1 to obtain a compound having a structure represented by formula 2; and (2) carrying out acid hydrolysis to the compound having a structure represented by formula 2 and then reacting the acid-hydrolyzed compound with acetic acid to obtain salicylamine acetate.

Methods for providing corrosion inhibition in conduits, containers, and wellbores penetrating subterranean formations are provided. In some embodiments, the methods comprise contacting a metal surface with a fluid comprising a corrosion inhibitor additive. In certain embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor additive comprises a compound comprising a hydrophobic cation moiety, one or more lipophilic tails, and a linking moiety.

Methods for providing corrosion inhibition in conduits, containers, and wellbores penetrating subterranean formations are provided. In some embodiments, the methods comprise contacting a metal surface with a fluid comprising a corrosion inhibitor additive. In certain embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor additive comprises a compound comprising a hydrophobic cation moiety, one or more lipophilic tails, and a linking moiety.

A novel highly stable sodium diacetate crystal, in which the volatilization of acetic acid can be suppressed for a long period. More specifically, a sodium diacetate crystal having a median diameter in the range of 300 to 3000 m.

A novel highly stable sodium diacetate crystal, in which the volatilization of acetic acid can be suppressed for a long period. More specifically, a sodium diacetate crystal having a median diameter in the range of 300 to 3000 m.

A novel highly stable sodium diacetate crystal, in which the volatilization of acetic acid can be suppressed for a long period. More specifically, a sodium diacetate crystal having a median diameter in the range of 300 to 3000 m.

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus of preparing a reduction product of carbon dioxide by electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide. The present invention can prepare, in an energy-efficient manner, a reduction product of high-concentration carbon dioxide with high Faraday efficiency as in a liquid reduction reaction by producing the reduction product of carbon dioxide by supplying water or an electrolytic solution to an anode region; supplying humidified carbon dioxide gas having a second temperature higher than a first temperature to a cathode region within an electrochemical cell having the first temperature so as to supply the carbon dioxide gas which has been humidified to be in a condition where the relative humidity is greater than 100%, while applying a voltage between the anode region and the cathode region so as to generate hydrogen ions (H.sup.+) in the anode region; and transporting the hydrogen ions to the cathode region through the electrolyte membrane, thereby electrochemically reducing the carbon dioxide gas.