A method of reducing an aromatic ring or a cyclic, allylic ether in a compound includes preparing a reaction mixture including a compound including an aromatic moiety or a cyclic, allylic ether moiety, an alkali metal, and either ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, or a combination thereof, in an ether solvent; and reacting the reaction mixture at from ?20? C. to 30? C. for a time sufficient to reduce a double bond in the aromatic moiety to a single bond or to reduce the cyclic, allylic ether moiety.

A method of reducing an aromatic ring or a cyclic, allylic ether in a compound includes preparing a reaction mixture including a compound including an aromatic moiety or a cyclic, allylic ether moiety, an alkali metal, and either ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, or a combination thereof, in an ether solvent; and reacting the reaction mixture at from ?20? C. to 30? C. for a time sufficient to reduce a double bond in the aromatic moiety to a single bond or to reduce the cyclic, allylic ether moiety.

A photosensitive resin composition capable of forming a cured film with satisfactory adhesion to substrates and excellent transparency, a polyamide resin which is used in the photosensitive resin composition, a method for producing the polyamide resin, a compound which is used as a raw material of the polyamide resin, a method for producing the compound, a method for producing a cured film using the photosensitive resin composition, and a cured film which is obtained by curing the photosensitive resin composition. The photosensitive resin composition including a resin and a photopolymerization initiator. The resin is a polyamide resin including a structural unit, which includes a specific saturated alicyclic skeleton, and at least one carboxy group esterified by a unit containing a polymerizable group of a predetermined structure.

Certain compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, are provided herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. Methods of treating patients suffering from certain diseases and disorders responsive to the inhibition of KMO activity are described, which comprise administering to such patients an amount of at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein effective to reduce signs or symptoms of the disease or disorder are disclosed. These diseases include neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease. Also described are methods of treatment include administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein as a single active agent or administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents. Also provided are methods for screening compounds capable of inhibiting KMO activity.

Certain compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, are provided herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. Methods of treating patients suffering from certain diseases and disorders responsive to the inhibition of KMO activity are described, which comprise administering to such patients an amount of at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein effective to reduce signs or symptoms of the disease or disorder are disclosed. These diseases include neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease. Also described are methods of treatment include administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein as a single active agent or administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents. Also provided are methods for screening compounds capable of inhibiting KMO activity.

The present invention relates to compounds having a benzotropolone core, and compositions containing said compounds acting as ATG4B inhibitors, thereby inhibiting autophagy. Moreover, the present invention provides processes for the preparation of the disclosed compounds, as well as methods of using them, for instance as a medicine, in particular for the treatment of cell proliferative disorders, such as cancer.

The present invention relates to compounds having a benzotropolone core, and compositions containing said compounds acting as ATG4B inhibitors, thereby inhibiting autophagy. Moreover, the present invention provides processes for the preparation of the disclosed compounds, as well as methods of using them, for instance as a medicine, in particular for the treatment of cell proliferative disorders, such as cancer.

The invention provides a novel, general, and facile strategy for the creation of small molecules with high structural and stereochemical complexity. Aspects of the methods include ring system distortion reactions that are systematically applied to rapidly convert readily available natural products to structurally complex compounds with diverse molecular architectures. Through evaluation of chemical properties including fraction of sp.sup.3 carbons, ClogP, and the number of stereogenic centers, these compounds are shown to be significantly more complex and diverse than those in standard screening collections. This approach is demonstrated with natural products (gibberellic acid, adrenosterone, and quinine) from three different structural classes, and methods are described for the application of this strategy to any suitable natural product.

The invention provides a novel, general, and facile strategy for the creation of small molecules with high structural and stereochemical complexity. Aspects of the methods include ring system distortion reactions that are systematically applied to rapidly convert readily available natural products to structurally complex compounds with diverse molecular architectures. Through evaluation of chemical properties including fraction of sp.sup.3 carbons, ClogP, and the number of stereogenic centers, these compounds are shown to be significantly more complex and diverse than those in standard screening collections. This approach is demonstrated with natural products (gibberellic acid, adrenosterone, and quinine) from three different structural classes, and methods are described for the application of this strategy to any suitable natural product.

There are provided inter alia metalloenzyme inhibitors, such as inhibitors of influenza A RNA dependent RNA polymerase PA subunit endonuclease, and methods of synthesis and use of the same.