Provided is a method of lubricating a sliding part by applying a lubricating base oil containing an ester compound to the sliding part. The ester compound contains a mixture of one or more compounds represented by a general formula (1) wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen, a methyl, a benzoyloxy, a naphthoyloxy, or general formula (2) (—O—C(═O)—R.sup.5), R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represent a benzoyloxy group, a naphthoyloxy group, or general formula (2), and R.sup.5 represents a linear C5-21 alkyl group, a branched chain C9-21 alkyl group, or a C5-21 cycloalkyl group that may also be substituted with an alkyl chain. The mixture contains a compound in which at least one among R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 is general formula (2), and the proportion, in the mixture, of a compound in which at least one among R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 is a benzoyloxy group or a naphthoyloxy group is 5-100 mole %.

A synthetic nicotine composition comprising synthetic nicotine, a synthetic nicotine salt and a synthetic nicotine derivative, wherein the synthetic nicotine, the synthetic nicotine salt, and the synthetic nicotine derivative are in mass percentage; the synthetic nicotine accounts for 1-20%, the synthetic nicotine salt accounts for 30-70%, and the synthetic nicotine derivative accounts for 20-50%; and the synthetic nicotine is one or more of S-nicotine and a mixture of R-nicotine containing a racemate and S-nicotine. The synthetic nicotine, synthetic nicotine salt and synthetic nicotine derivative according to the present invention are proportionally mixed to prepare an existing synthetic nicotine product, which relieves the problem of the impact of impurities in natural extracted nicotine products causing an unpleasant smell, a bitter taste and a strong volatility, and can be used in the fields of low temperature heat-not-burn products, snuff, electronic cigarettes, nicotine release patches, insecticides, herbicides, microbicides, drug synthesis, etc.

A synthetic nicotine composition comprising synthetic nicotine, a synthetic nicotine salt and a synthetic nicotine derivative, wherein the synthetic nicotine, the synthetic nicotine salt, and the synthetic nicotine derivative are in mass percentage; the synthetic nicotine accounts for 1-20%, the synthetic nicotine salt accounts for 30-70%, and the synthetic nicotine derivative accounts for 20-50%; and the synthetic nicotine is one or more of S-nicotine and a mixture of R-nicotine containing a racemate and S-nicotine. The synthetic nicotine, synthetic nicotine salt and synthetic nicotine derivative according to the present invention are proportionally mixed to prepare an existing synthetic nicotine product, which relieves the problem of the impact of impurities in natural extracted nicotine products causing an unpleasant smell, a bitter taste and a strong volatility, and can be used in the fields of low temperature heat-not-burn products, snuff, electronic cigarettes, nicotine release patches, insecticides, herbicides, microbicides, drug synthesis, etc.

A metal-free catalytic oxidation system, an oxygenation method and a method for producing benzoic acid derivatives. The system includes a feed device; a tubular reactor; a plurality of venturi nozzles mounted on the tubular reactor at intervals; a tubular filter; a discharge device for a solid phase product; and an intermediate tank for reaction mixture. A low-pressure zone is formed at an output end of each of the plurality of venturi nozzles, and an oxygen inlet corresponds to the low-pressure zone; the tubular filter comprises an inner tube and an outer tube connected to each other, where the inner tube is provided with small holes for solid-liquid separation; the discharge device for the solid phase product is located at an end of the inner tube; and the intermediate tank for reaction mixture is connected to the outer tube of the tubular filter through a pipeline.

Oxidizing a first aromatic compound in the presence of a metal salt to yield a second aromatic compound includes combining the first aromatic compound, the metal salt, and water to yield an aqueous mixture, and heating the aqueous mixture at a temperature exceeding 200° C. to yield a reaction product that includes the second aromatic compound.

Oxidizing a first aromatic compound in the presence of a metal salt to yield a second aromatic compound includes combining the first aromatic compound, the metal salt, and water to yield an aqueous mixture, and heating the aqueous mixture at a temperature exceeding 200° C. to yield a reaction product that includes the second aromatic compound.

A metal complex is disclosed. In an embodiment a metal complex includes at least one metal atom M and at least one ligand L attached to the metal atom M, wherein the ligand L has the following structure:

##STR00001## wherein E.sup.1 and E.sup.2 are oxygen, wherein the substituent R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of branched or unbranched, fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons with 1 to 10 C atoms, wherein n=1 to 5, wherein the substituent R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of branched or unbranched aliphatic hydrocarbons with 1 to 10 C atoms, aryl and heteroaryl, wherein m>0 to at most 5−n, and wherein the metal M is a main group metal of groups 13 to 15 of the periodic table of elements.

The present disclosure provides methods for using anthranilic acid (2-AA) blocked by tertbutyloxycarbonyl (Boc) groups in protocols for labeling glycans for analysis, and kits providing 2-AA-Boc and acids for unblocking blocked 2-AA for use in glycan labeling and analysis.

A synthetic nicotine composition comprising synthetic nicotine, a synthetic nicotine salt and a synthetic nicotine derivative, wherein the synthetic nicotine, the synthetic nicotine salt, and the synthetic nicotine derivative are in mass percentage; the synthetic nicotine accounts for 1-20%, the synthetic nicotine salt accounts for 30-70%, and the synthetic nicotine derivative accounts for 20-50%; and the synthetic nicotine is one or more of S-nicotine and a mixture of R-nicotine containing a racemate and S-nicotine. The synthetic nicotine, synthetic nicotine salt and synthetic nicotine derivative according to the present invention are proportionally mixed to prepare an existing synthetic nicotine product, which relieves the problem of the impact of impurities in natural extracted nicotine products causing an unpleasant smell, a bitter taste and a strong volatility, and can be used in the fields of low temperature heat-not-burn products, snuff, electronic cigarettes, nicotine release patches, insecticides, herbicides, microbicides, drug synthesis, etc.

A synthetic nicotine composition comprising synthetic nicotine, a synthetic nicotine salt and a synthetic nicotine derivative, wherein the synthetic nicotine, the synthetic nicotine salt, and the synthetic nicotine derivative are in mass percentage; the synthetic nicotine accounts for 1-20%, the synthetic nicotine salt accounts for 30-70%, and the synthetic nicotine derivative accounts for 20-50%; and the synthetic nicotine is one or more of S-nicotine and a mixture of R-nicotine containing a racemate and S-nicotine. The synthetic nicotine, synthetic nicotine salt and synthetic nicotine derivative according to the present invention are proportionally mixed to prepare an existing synthetic nicotine product, which relieves the problem of the impact of impurities in natural extracted nicotine products causing an unpleasant smell, a bitter taste and a strong volatility, and can be used in the fields of low temperature heat-not-burn products, snuff, electronic cigarettes, nicotine release patches, insecticides, herbicides, microbicides, drug synthesis, etc.