The present invention relates to a biphenyl derivative and use thereof, and the biphenyl derivative has a structure represented by the formula (I) as defined in the specification. The use refers the use of the biphenyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the biphenyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of ischemic stroke.

A subject matter of the present invention is the cosmetic use of at least one compound of formula (I): in which: (II) denotes a divalent radical chosen from a carbon-carbon single bond *CH.sub.2CH.sub.2* or double bond *CHCH*, of Z or E configuration or their mixtures, b=0 or 1, c=0 or 1, d=0, 1 or 2, and R and R independently denote a hydrogen atom, a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl radical or a branched C.sub.3-C.sub.6 alkyl radical, to treat and/or prevent signs of aging and/or of photoaging of keratinous substances, preferably of the skin, and/or to depigment, lighten and/or whiten keratinous substances, preferably the skin. The present invention also relates to novel compounds and to a corresponding cosmetic method.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to a method for preparing a compound comprising two phenyl groups by reacting a bisfuranic compound with a dienophile; and to such compounds.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a compound comprising two phenyl groups by reacting a bisfuranic compound with a dienophile; and to such compounds.

The present invention relates to a biphenyl derivative and use thereof, and the biphenyl derivative has a structure represented by the formula (I) as defined in the specification. The use refers the use of the biphenyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the biphenyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of ischemic stroke.

The present invention relates to a biphenyl derivative and use thereof, and the biphenyl derivative has a structure represented by the formula (I) as defined in the specification. The use refers the use of the biphenyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the biphenyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of ischemic stroke.

Systems and methods are provided for synthesizing multi-ring disalicylate linkers. The systems and methods can allow for synthesis of disalicylate linkers while using a reduced or minimized amount of solvent (such as down to potentially having no separate solvent) in the reaction environment. The synthesis can be performed by starting with a compound such as 4,4-biphenol as a starting reagent. The 4,4-biphenol (and/or other alcohol-substituted biphenyl compound) can then be exposed in a reaction environment to pressurized CO.sub.2 in the presence of a base. The temperature and pressure in the reaction environment can be increased to achieve either supercritical conditions for the CO.sub.2 (based on a phase diagram for neat CO.sub.2) and/or sub-critical conditions that are substantially similar to supercritical conditions. This can allow for conversion of the 4,4-biphenol (or other alcohol-substituted biphenyl compound) into a multi-ring disalicylate linker.

Systems and methods are provided for synthesizing multi-ring disalicylate linkers. The systems and methods can allow for synthesis of disalicylate linkers while using a reduced or minimized amount of solvent (such as down to potentially having no separate solvent) in the reaction environment. The synthesis can be performed by starting with a compound such as 4,4-biphenol as a starting reagent. The 4,4-biphenol (and/or other alcohol-substituted biphenyl compound) can then be exposed in a reaction environment to pressurized CO.sub.2 in the presence of a base. The temperature and pressure in the reaction environment can be increased to achieve either supercritical conditions for the CO.sub.2 (based on a phase diagram for neat CO.sub.2) and/or sub-critical conditions that are substantially similar to supercritical conditions. This can allow for conversion of the 4,4-biphenol (or other alcohol-substituted biphenyl compound) into a multi-ring disalicylate linker.

Disclosed are antioxidative, natural compounds, their salts, chelates and cleavage derivatives that exhibit a superior combination of properties. The compounds can be used for a variety of purposes, including stabilizing foods, cosmetics, beverages and nutritional supplement. The compounds can be prepared by substantially cleaving a humic acid of formula I to provide at least one antioxidant compounds of formula II, formula III, formula IV, formula V, formula VI, salts, or chelates thereof.

Disclosed are antioxidative, natural compounds, their salts, chelates and cleavage derivatives that exhibit a superior combination of properties. The compounds can be used for a variety of purposes, including stabilizing foods, cosmetics, beverages and nutritional supplement. The compounds can be prepared by substantially cleaving a humic acid of formula I to provide at least one antioxidant compounds of formula II, formula III, formula IV, formula V, formula VI, salts, or chelates thereof.