The invention relates to the use of a specific type of calcium catalyst (C) for the preparation of alkoxylated glycerol esters, alkoxylated glycerol esters prepared in the presence of the catalyst and a process for the preparation of the alkoxylated glycerol esters. It was found that in the presence of the above-mentioned calcium catalyst (C) the alkoxylation reaction requires a significantly smaller amount of time. Furthermore, it has been found that the ethoxylated glycerol esters prepared in the presence of calcium catalyst (C) lead to more homogeneous products with significantly lower hydroxyl values, less decomposition and improved processability.

The invention relates to the use of a specific type of calcium catalyst (C) for the preparation of alkoxylated glycerol esters, alkoxylated glycerol esters prepared in the presence of the catalyst and a process for the preparation of the alkoxylated glycerol esters. It was found that in the presence of the above-mentioned calcium catalyst (C) the alkoxylation reaction requires a significantly smaller amount of time. Furthermore, it has been found that the ethoxylated glycerol esters prepared in the presence of calcium catalyst (C) lead to more homogeneous products with significantly lower hydroxyl values, less decomposition and improved processability.

The invention relates to the use of a specific type of calcium catalyst (C) for the preparation of alkoxylated glycerol esters, alkoxylated glycerol esters prepared in the presence of the catalyst and a process for the preparation of the alkoxylated glycerol esters. It was found that in the presence of the above-mentioned calcium catalyst (C) the alkoxylation reaction requires a significantly smaller amount of time. Furthermore, it has been found that the ethoxylated glycerol esters prepared in the presence of calcium catalyst (C) lead to more homogeneous products with significantly lower hydroxyl values, less decomposition and improved processability.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a propionic acid derivative with high productivity. The object can be achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 is a halogen atom or the like, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an organic group, X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents, R.sup.E is a hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents; the method comprising step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

with a compound represented by formula (3):
M(R.sup.1).sub.n, wherein M is a cation, n is an integer corresponding to the valence of M, and a compound represented by formula (4):
R.sup.6—X—H; and
step B of separating, by filtration, the compound represented by formula (5): MF.sub.n from the mixture obtained by the above reaction.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a propionic acid derivative with high productivity. The object can be achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 is a halogen atom or the like, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an organic group, X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents, R.sup.E is a hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents; the method comprising step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

with a compound represented by formula (3):
M(R.sup.1).sub.n, wherein M is a cation, n is an integer corresponding to the valence of M, and a compound represented by formula (4):
R.sup.6—X—H; and
step B of separating, by filtration, the compound represented by formula (5): MF.sub.n from the mixture obtained by the above reaction.

The present invention describes storage-stable glycerol (meth)acrylate carboxylic esters and a method for preparing these esters.

The present invention describes storage-stable glycerol (meth)acrylate carboxylic esters and a method for preparing these esters.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.