Disclosed herein are processes for preparing certain intermediates useful in the synthesis of 3-fluoro-5-(((1S,2aR)-1,3,3,4,4-pentafluoro-2a-hydroxy-2,2a,3,4-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[cd]inden-7-yl)oxy)benzonitrile or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Disclosed herein are processes for preparing certain intermediates useful in the synthesis of 3-fluoro-5-(((1S,2aR)-1,3,3,4,4-pentafluoro-2a-hydroxy-2,2a,3,4-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[cd]inden-7-yl)oxy)benzonitrile or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The invention provides methods of preparing 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid and methods of making a pharmaceutical material comprising a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14, 14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid. Also provided are compositions and pharmaceutical materials including a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid as well as methods of treating various diseases and conditions using the compositions and pharmaceutical materials.

The invention provides methods of preparing 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid and methods of making a pharmaceutical material comprising a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14, 14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid. Also provided are compositions and pharmaceutical materials including a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid as well as methods of treating various diseases and conditions using the compositions and pharmaceutical materials.

A process for the treatment of waste water, spent air, and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in the cumene/phenol complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including a spent air knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a fuel gas knockout drum, a phenolic water vessel, and a non-phenolic water vessel. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system.

A process for the treatment of waste water, spent air, and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in the cumene/phenol complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including a spent air knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a fuel gas knockout drum, a phenolic water vessel, and a non-phenolic water vessel. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system.

The present invention discloses a diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3 and its synthesis method and application in an asymmetric catalytic reaction, wherein C.sub.2-symmetry is lost by introducing different groups into the diphenylamine backbone to realize precise control of “electronic effect” of the ligand backbone. An anthranilic acid derivative and an orthochlorobenzoic acid derivative are used as starting materials to prepare a compound of formula 1, and then the compound of formula 1 is reacted with a chiral amino alcohol compound to prepare a β-bishydroxy amide compound of formula 2, and the compound of formula 2 is further subjected to condensation to obtain the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3. The present invention also provides an application of a catalyst formed by coordination of the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry with copper salt, zinc salt, nickel salt, iron salt or rhodium salt, in an asymmetric catalytic reaction.

##STR00001##

The present invention discloses a diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3 and its synthesis method and application in an asymmetric catalytic reaction, wherein C.sub.2-symmetry is lost by introducing different groups into the diphenylamine backbone to realize precise control of “electronic effect” of the ligand backbone. An anthranilic acid derivative and an orthochlorobenzoic acid derivative are used as starting materials to prepare a compound of formula 1, and then the compound of formula 1 is reacted with a chiral amino alcohol compound to prepare a β-bishydroxy amide compound of formula 2, and the compound of formula 2 is further subjected to condensation to obtain the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3. The present invention also provides an application of a catalyst formed by coordination of the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry with copper salt, zinc salt, nickel salt, iron salt or rhodium salt, in an asymmetric catalytic reaction.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides improved methods of performing ozonolysis on alkenes comprising non-reductive quenching of ozonide intermediates using Bronsted bases to yield aldehyde, ketone and/or carboxylic acid products.

The present disclosure provides improved methods of performing ozonolysis on alkenes comprising non-reductive quenching of ozonide intermediates using Bronsted bases to yield aldehyde, ketone and/or carboxylic acid products.