Disclosed herein are processes for preparing certain intermediates useful in the synthesis of 3-fluoro-5-(((1S,2aR)-1,3,3,4,4-pentafluoro-2a-hydroxy-2,2a,3,4-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[cd]inden-7-yl)oxy)benzonitrile or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Disclosed herein are processes for preparing certain intermediates useful in the synthesis of 3-fluoro-5-(((1S,2aR)-1,3,3,4,4-pentafluoro-2a-hydroxy-2,2a,3,4-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[cd]inden-7-yl)oxy)benzonitrile or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The invention provides methods of preparing 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid and methods of making a pharmaceutical material comprising a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid. Also provided are compositions and pharmaceutical materials including a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid as well as methods of treating various diseases and conditions using the compositions and pharmaceutical materials.

The invention provides methods of preparing 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid and methods of making a pharmaceutical material comprising a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid. Also provided are compositions and pharmaceutical materials including a purified amount of 8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acid as well as methods of treating various diseases and conditions using the compositions and pharmaceutical materials.

The present invention provides a process for preparing a compound of the following general formula (2): wherein R.sup.1 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, the process comprising: subjecting a compound of the following general formula (1): wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent, independently of each other, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and the wavy bond represents an E-configuration, a Z-configuration, or a mixture thereof, to a Dieckmann condensation in the presence of base to form the compound (2).

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a process for preparing a compound of the following general formula (2): wherein R.sup.1 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, the process comprising: subjecting a compound of the following general formula (1): wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent, independently of each other, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and the wavy bond represents an E-configuration, a Z-configuration, or a mixture thereof, to a Dieckmann condensation in the presence of base to form the compound (2).

##STR00001##

A process for preparing b-b dimers having anti-UV and antioxidant properties, from p-hydroxycinnamic esters and amides disubstituted in the ortho position with respect to the phenol function and from ketones disubstituted in the ortho position with respect to the phenol, in particular, from sinapic acid esters and amides and ketone analogs. The dimers of formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV) as obtained by means of the process according to the present disclosure can be used for the production of polymers/plastics (in plastics technology), or for the protection of plants against the cold and as cosmetic or food-processing ingredients, for example. The process may be used to form biobased anti-UV molecules.

A process for preparing b-b dimers having anti-UV and antioxidant properties, from p-hydroxycinnamic esters and amides disubstituted in the ortho position with respect to the phenol function and from ketones disubstituted in the ortho position with respect to the phenol, in particular, from sinapic acid esters and amides and ketone analogs. The dimers of formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV) as obtained by means of the process according to the present disclosure can be used for the production of polymers/plastics (in plastics technology), or for the protection of plants against the cold and as cosmetic or food-processing ingredients, for example. The process may be used to form biobased anti-UV molecules.

A process for the treatment of waste water, spent air, and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in the cumene/phenol complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including a spent air knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a fuel gas knockout drum, a phenolic water vessel, and a non-phenolic water vessel. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system.

A process for the treatment of waste water, spent air, and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in the cumene/phenol complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including a spent air knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a fuel gas knockout drum, a phenolic water vessel, and a non-phenolic water vessel. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system.