The invention provides a novel hydrocarbon-containing carboxylic acid, hydrocarbon-containing sulfonic acid, hydrocarbon-containing sulfuric acid ester, or a salt thereof, and a surfactant. Each of them is a compound represented by the following formula (1):

CR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.4CR.sup.3R.sup.5X-A

wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are each H or a monovalent substituent; at least one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.3 is a group represented by the formula: YR.sup.6; at least one of R.sup.2 or R.sup.5 is a group represented by the formula: X-A or a group represented by the formula: YR.sup.6; and As at the respective appearances are the same as or different from each other, and are each COOM, SO.sub.3M, or OSO.sub.3M.

A method of isomerizing methyl 9-decenoate in a reaction mixture, and forming methyl 8-decenoate, and reacting the methyl 8-decenoate by metathesis to form 1,16-dimethyl 8-hexadecenedioate, and hydrogenating 1,16-dimethyl 8-hexadecenedioate to form 1,16-dimethyl hexadecanedioate. In some embodiments, the 1,16-dimethyl hexadecanedioate can be converted to hexadecanedioic acid.

A method of isomerizing methyl 9-decenoate in a reaction mixture, and forming methyl 8-decenoate, and reacting the methyl 8-decenoate by metathesis to form 1,16-dimethyl 8-hexadecenedioate, and hydrogenating 1,16-dimethyl 8-hexadecenedioate to form 1,16-dimethyl hexadecanedioate. In some embodiments, the 1,16-dimethyl hexadecanedioate can be converted to hexadecanedioic acid.

This invention relates to the field of plastic waste decomposition. More specifically, the invention comprises products obtained from the decomposition of plastic waste.

Disclosed are cyclopentene compounds and compositions containing one or more odorless lipophilic compounds cyclopentene compounds. The compositions can be applied to scalp where they stimulate hair follicles resulting in hair growth and visibly improved human hair.

This invention relates to the field of contaminated plastic waste decomposition. More specifically, the invention comprises methods and systems to decompose contaminated plastic waste and transform it into value-added products.

This invention relates to the field of contaminated plastic waste decomposition. More specifically, the invention comprises methods and systems to decompose contaminated plastic waste and transform it into value-added products.

This invention concerns a process for the production of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, via vinylation in the presence of palladium (Pd) catalyst in combination with copper (Cu) as co-catalyst stabilized by organic salts in the presence of ethylene and air or oxygen.

This invention concerns a process for the production of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, via vinylation in the presence of palladium (Pd) catalyst in combination with copper (Cu) as co-catalyst stabilized by organic salts in the presence of ethylene and air or oxygen.

This invention relates to the field of plastic waste decomposition. More specifically, the invention comprises products obtained from the decomposition of plastic waste.