Calibrants and methods of making the same include using mixtures of multifunctional core compounds or multifunctional dendrimers that are functionalized to yield a set of discrete compounds which cover a range of collisional cross sections (CCSs) for calibrating ion mobility and variation in molecular weight to calibrate the mass to charge (m/z) measurements of mass spectrometry, as well as for calibrating tandem instruments that measure both dimensions. Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as in mass spectrometry.

Calibrants and methods of making the same include using mixtures of multifunctional core compounds or multifunctional dendrimers that are functionalized to yield a set of discrete compounds which cover a range of collisional cross sections (CCSs) for calibrating ion mobility and variation in molecular weight to calibrate the mass to charge (m/z) measurements of mass spectrometry, as well as for calibrating tandem instruments that measure both dimensions. Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as in mass spectrometry.

The invention relates to novel ester compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR00001##
to a process for preparation thereof and to the use thereof. These ester compounds may contain a mixture of at least two compounds of the general formula (I).

The invention relates to novel ester compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR00001##
to a process for preparation thereof and to the use thereof. These ester compounds may contain a mixture of at least two compounds of the general formula (I).

The invention relates to novel ester compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR00001##
to a process for preparation thereof and to the use thereof. These ester compounds may contain a mixture of at least two compounds of the general formula (I).

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) that are useful as perfuming ingredients of the fruity type. Formula (I) is

##STR00001##

in the form of any one of its stereoisomers or of a mixture thereof, wherein R.sup.1 represents a C.sub.1-3 alkyl or alkenyl group, R.sup.2 represents a methyl or ethyl group, R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.1-4 alkyl or alkenyl group, and the compound (I) has from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) that are useful as perfuming ingredients of the fruity type. Formula (I) is

##STR00001##

in the form of any one of its stereoisomers or of a mixture thereof, wherein R.sup.1 represents a C.sub.1-3 alkyl or alkenyl group, R.sup.2 represents a methyl or ethyl group, R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.1-4 alkyl or alkenyl group, and the compound (I) has from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

The present embodiments herein generally relate to thermoset resins that are derived from vegetable oil based sources, including fibrous plant sources. The utilization of plant based oil as starting materials makes the technology a green alternative to currently available solutions. This, coupled with the novel synthetic methods that are utilized, results in a transformation of the plant based oils into useful, durable, and resilient thermoset resins.

The present embodiments herein generally relate to thermoset resins that are derived from vegetable oil based sources, including fibrous plant sources. The utilization of plant based oil as starting materials makes the technology a green alternative to currently available solutions. This, coupled with the novel synthetic methods that are utilized, results in a transformation of the plant based oils into useful, durable, and resilient thermoset resins.

The present embodiments herein generally relate to thermoset resins that are derived from vegetable oil based sources, including fibrous plant sources. The utilization of plant based oil as starting materials makes the technology a green alternative to currently available solutions. This, coupled with the novel synthetic methods that are utilized, results in a transformation of the plant based oils into useful, durable, and resilient thermoset resins.