The invention describes pharmaceutical compounds and compositions comprised of prodrug ligands attached to GHB (CNS drugs) in a manner that substantially decreases or deters the potential for GHB abuse, illicit and illegal use, and overdose. These compounds and compositions may provide substantially higher bioavailability, substantially higher half-life, substantially higher chemical and biological stability, and easier shipping and distribution requirements. These GHB prodrug compounds may alter both the physical and chemical properties and thus may not be suitable for illicit use as a date-rape drug (i.e., they may not dissolve instantly in water based drinks, may have different color once in solution, and/or may have a taste and odor once in solution etc.). When delivered at the proper dosage, the pharmaceutical composition provides therapeutic activity similar to that of the parent active agent GHB.

A polymerizable compound has a high polymerizability, a high conversion ratio and a high solubility in a liquid crystal composition. A polymerizable composition contains the compound. A liquid crystal composite is prepared from the composition. A liquid crystal display device includes the liquid crystal composite. The polymerizable compound is formed in which the polymerizable compound has at least two polymerizable groups in which at least one polymerizable group is acryloyloxy or methacryloyloxy, and at least one remaining polymerizable group is a polymerizable group selected from the group of groups represented by formulas (P-1), (P-2) and (P-3). ##STR00001## In formulas (P-1) to (P-3), R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl.

A polymerizable compound has a high polymerizability, a high conversion ratio and a high solubility in a liquid crystal composition. A polymerizable composition contains the compound. A liquid crystal composite is prepared from the composition. A liquid crystal display device includes the liquid crystal composite. The polymerizable compound is formed in which the polymerizable compound has at least two polymerizable groups in which at least one polymerizable group is acryloyloxy or methacryloyloxy, and at least one remaining polymerizable group is a polymerizable group selected from the group of groups represented by formulas (P-1), (P-2) and (P-3). ##STR00001## In formulas (P-1) to (P-3), R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl.

This invention relates to a composition for a preparation of polyurethane dispersion, comprising bio-based polyol as shown in structure (I) and polyhydroxy fatty acid compound as shown in structure (II): wherein, R represents a polyhydric alcohol unit that is selected from aliphatic polyhydric alcohol, alicyclic polyhydric alcohol, cyclic polyhydric alcohol, aromatic polyhydric alcohol, or optionally, cyclic polyhydroxyl having heteroatom; R\ represents a hydrocarbon unit obtained from a molecular chain of unsaturated fatty acid having 14-24 carbon atoms and having from 1-6 pairs of vicinal diol group per one molecular chain of such unsaturated fatty acid; n represents an integer from 2 to 8 of an ester group obtained from a reaction of polyhydric alcohol and unsaturated fatty acid; wherein said composition is prepared from a process comprising the steps of: i. mixing fatty acid comprising unsaturated fatty acid and polyhydric alcohol at a ratio of 1 mole equivalent or more of carboxylic group from unsaturated fatty acid per a hydroxy group from polyhydric alcohol; ii. adding organic acid and peroxide compound into the mixture from step i.; iii. adding nucleophilic substance into the mixture from step ii. under acidic condition. ##STR00001##

This invention relates to a composition for a preparation of polyurethane dispersion, comprising bio-based polyol as shown in structure (I) and polyhydroxy fatty acid compound as shown in structure (II): wherein, R represents a polyhydric alcohol unit that is selected from aliphatic polyhydric alcohol, alicyclic polyhydric alcohol, cyclic polyhydric alcohol, aromatic polyhydric alcohol, or optionally, cyclic polyhydroxyl having heteroatom; R\ represents a hydrocarbon unit obtained from a molecular chain of unsaturated fatty acid having 14-24 carbon atoms and having from 1-6 pairs of vicinal diol group per one molecular chain of such unsaturated fatty acid; n represents an integer from 2 to 8 of an ester group obtained from a reaction of polyhydric alcohol and unsaturated fatty acid; wherein said composition is prepared from a process comprising the steps of: i. mixing fatty acid comprising unsaturated fatty acid and polyhydric alcohol at a ratio of 1 mole equivalent or more of carboxylic group from unsaturated fatty acid per a hydroxy group from polyhydric alcohol; ii. adding organic acid and peroxide compound into the mixture from step i.; iii. adding nucleophilic substance into the mixture from step ii. under acidic condition. ##STR00001##

Ester compounds, such as for use in a lubricant, are based on di-, tri- or higher functional carboxylic acids according to formula (I)

##STR00001##

Levulinic-capped estolides having improved physical properties that make them more desirable and suitable as bio-based industrial or commercial products are disclosed. The physical properties of the disclosed estolide compositions have surprisingly low pour points that are substantially lower than previously known estolide compounds and superior to petroleum-based compounds designed for similar applications.

Levulinic-capped estolides having improved physical properties that make them more desirable and suitable as bio-based industrial or commercial products are disclosed. The physical properties of the disclosed estolide compositions have surprisingly low pour points that are substantially lower than previously known estolide compounds and superior to petroleum-based compounds designed for similar applications.

The disclosure describes prodrugs and derivatives of prostaglandins, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists and other drugs, as well as controlled delivery formulations containing such prodrugs and derivatives, for the treatment of ocular disorders.

The disclosure describes prodrugs and derivatives of prostaglandins, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists and other drugs, as well as controlled delivery formulations containing such prodrugs and derivatives, for the treatment of ocular disorders.