An object of the present invention is to enable the synthesis of various fluorine-containing compounds having an organic group at both terminals of their tetrafluoroethylene structure (—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—). The present invention provides a fluorine-containing complex compound including a fluorine-containing organic metal compound represented by formula (1a):
R.sup.1—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2-M.sup.1  (1a)
wherein M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, nickel, iron, cobalt, and tin; and R.sup.1 represents an organic group, and at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of pyridine ring-containing compounds and phosphines.

An object of the present invention is to enable the synthesis of various fluorine-containing compounds having an organic group at both terminals of their tetrafluoroethylene structure (—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—). The present invention provides a fluorine-containing complex compound including a fluorine-containing organic metal compound represented by formula (1a):
R.sup.1—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2-M.sup.1  (1a)
wherein M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, nickel, iron, cobalt, and tin; and R.sup.1 represents an organic group, and at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of pyridine ring-containing compounds and phosphines.

This invention relates to a process for the synthesis of a non-racemic cyclohexene compound of formula (I) by a Diels-Alder reaction of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (III) wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 and Y have the meanings as defined in the description in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one m-valent metal cation M.sup.m+ wherein the metal M is selected from Scandium (Sc), Yttrium (Y), Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium (Nd), Promethium (Pm), Samarium (Sm), Europium (Eu), Gadolinium 15 (Gd), Terbium (Tb), Dysprosium (Dy), Holmium (Ho), Erbium (Er), Thulium (Tm), Ytterbium (Yb), Lutetium (Lu), Gallium (Ga) and Indium (In), and m is an integer of 1, 2 or 3, and a chiral ligand of the formula (IV) wherein R.sup.10a, R.sup.10b, R.sup.10c, R.sup.10d, R.sup.10a′, R.sup.10b′, R.sup.10c′, R.sup.10d′, Z and Z′ have the meanings as defined in the description.

This invention relates to a process for the synthesis of a non-racemic cyclohexene compound of formula (I) by a Diels-Alder reaction of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (III) wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 and Y have the meanings as defined in the description in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one m-valent metal cation M.sup.m+ wherein the metal M is selected from Scandium (Sc), Yttrium (Y), Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium (Nd), Promethium (Pm), Samarium (Sm), Europium (Eu), Gadolinium 15 (Gd), Terbium (Tb), Dysprosium (Dy), Holmium (Ho), Erbium (Er), Thulium (Tm), Ytterbium (Yb), Lutetium (Lu), Gallium (Ga) and Indium (In), and m is an integer of 1, 2 or 3, and a chiral ligand of the formula (IV) wherein R.sup.10a, R.sup.10b, R.sup.10c, R.sup.10d, R.sup.10a′, R.sup.10b′, R.sup.10c′, R.sup.10d′, Z and Z′ have the meanings as defined in the description.

Described herein are compositions and methods for preventing and/or treating diseases involving aberrant angiogenesis employing one or more benzo[c]chromen-6-one derivatives.

Described herein are compositions and methods for preventing and/or treating diseases involving aberrant angiogenesis employing one or more benzo[c]chromen-6-one derivatives.

Provided are compounds of the following: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R.sub.2 is a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 hydrocarbyl, preferably the residue of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 OXO-alcohol. Also provided are processes for making the compounds and plasticized polymer compositions containing said compounds.

Provided are compounds of the following: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R.sub.2 is a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 hydrocarbyl, preferably the residue of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 OXO-alcohol. Also provided are processes for making the compounds and plasticized polymer compositions containing said compounds.

There is provided a production method of a thiopyranose compound represented by the following Formula (2) by reacting a compound represented by the following Formula (1) with a sulfur compound. ##STR00001##
X represents a leaving group. A represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. Further, each of R.sup.1A to R.sup.4B, R.sup.1B to R.sup.4B, and R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a specific substituent.

There is provided a production method of a thiopyranose compound represented by the following Formula (2) by reacting a compound represented by the following Formula (1) with a sulfur compound. ##STR00001##
X represents a leaving group. A represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. Further, each of R.sup.1A to R.sup.4B, R.sup.1B to R.sup.4B, and R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a specific substituent.