The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods for treating neurodegenerative diseases and disorders, particularly ophthalmic diseases and disorders. Provided herein are alkoxyl derivative compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The subject compositions are useful for treating and preventing ophthalmic diseases and disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Stargardt's Disease.

This disclosure relates to taste modifiers of formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein, n is 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.5 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.5 dihydroxyalkyl and CHYCOOH wherein Y is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.3; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, hydroxy or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkoxy; R.sup.4 is hydrogen, or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl; R.sup.5 is selected from hydrogen, or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl; or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 form together a bivalent radical CH.sub.2;
that are able to impart, enhance or modify salt or umami taste.

This disclosure relates to taste modifiers of formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein, n is 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.5 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.5 dihydroxyalkyl and CHYCOOH wherein Y is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.3; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, hydroxy or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkoxy; R.sup.4 is hydrogen, or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl; R.sup.5 is selected from hydrogen, or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl; or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 form together a bivalent radical CH.sub.2;
that are able to impart, enhance or modify salt or umami taste.

An organic compound, a three-dimensional organic structure formed by using the organic compound, a separation sieve and an optical layer having the organic structure, and an optical device having the optical layer as an optical amplification layer are provided. The organic structure includes a plurality of organic molecules self-assembled by non-covalent bonding. Each of the unit organic molecules has an aromatic ring, a first pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of substitutable positions of the aromatic ring, and a second pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of remaining substitutable positions of the aromatic ring. The unit organic molecules are self-assembled by van der Waals interaction, London dispersion interaction or hydrogen bonding between the first and the second pairs of the substituents and by pi-pi interactions between the aromatic rings.

An organic compound, a three-dimensional organic structure formed by using the organic compound, a separation sieve and an optical layer having the organic structure, and an optical device having the optical layer as an optical amplification layer are provided. The organic structure includes a plurality of organic molecules self-assembled by non-covalent bonding. Each of the unit organic molecules has an aromatic ring, a first pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of substitutable positions of the aromatic ring, and a second pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of remaining substitutable positions of the aromatic ring. The unit organic molecules are self-assembled by van der Waals interaction, London dispersion interaction or hydrogen bonding between the first and the second pairs of the substituents and by pi-pi interactions between the aromatic rings.

Provided are inhibitors of sphingosine kinase Type I that are useful in a number of applications, indications and diseases, as well as for monitoring pharmacokinetics and patient management. These compounds are applicable to treating tumors of the central nervous system, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Provided are inhibitors of sphingosine kinase Type I that are useful in a number of applications, indications and diseases, as well as for monitoring pharmacokinetics and patient management. These compounds are applicable to treating tumors of the central nervous system, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Provided are inhibitors of sphingosine kinase Type I that are useful in a number of applications, indications and diseases, as well as for monitoring pharmacokinetics and patient management. These compounds are applicable to treating tumors of the central nervous system, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Provided are inhibitors of sphingosine kinase Type I that are useful in a number of applications, indications and diseases, as well as for monitoring pharmacokinetics and patient management. These compounds are applicable to treating tumors of the central nervous system, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods for treating neurodegenerative diseases and disorders, particularly ophthalmic diseases and disorders. Provided herein are alkoxyl derivative compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The subject compositions are useful for treating and preventing ophthalmic diseases and disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Stargardt's Disease.