An aromatic amine derivative represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L, Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, k, m, and n are the same as defined in the specification, is useful as a material for an organic EL device and realizes an organic EL device with a high efficiency and a long lifetime even when driving it at a low voltage.

An aromatic amine derivative represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L, Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, k, m, and n are the same as defined in the specification, is useful as a material for an organic EL device and realizes an organic EL device with a high efficiency and a long lifetime even when driving it at a low voltage.

The invention relates to specific phenanthrenes, the use of the compound in an electronic device, and an electronic device containing at least one of said compounds. The invention further relates to a method for producing the compound and a formulation and composition containing one or more of the compounds.

The invention relates to specific phenanthrenes, the use of the compound in an electronic device, and an electronic device containing at least one of said compounds. The invention further relates to a method for producing the compound and a formulation and composition containing one or more of the compounds.

The present invention relates to a compound of the following formula (I): ##STR00001## The invention also relates to uses thereof as dye or pigment, notably as a luster pigment. The invention relates also to a reflective or photonic or nanophotonic or optoelectronic device comprising a compound of the invention. The invention relates also to a metal-like reflective coating, a metal-like particle or an organic-based metal-like liquid film comprising a compound of the invention.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for monitoring and controlling electronic devices using wired and wireless protocols are disclosed. The systems and apparatus may monitor their environment for signals from electronic devices. The systems and apparatus may take and disambiguate the signals that are received from the devices in their environment to identify the devices and associate control signals with the devices. The systems and apparatus may use communication means to send control signals to the identified electronic devices. Multiple apparatuses or systems may be connected together into networks, including mesh networks, to make for a more robust architecture.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for monitoring and controlling electronic devices using wired and wireless protocols are disclosed. The systems and apparatus may monitor their environment for signals from electronic devices. The systems and apparatus may take and disambiguate the signals that are received from the devices in their environment to identify the devices and associate control signals with the devices. The systems and apparatus may use communication means to send control signals to the identified electronic devices. Multiple apparatuses or systems may be connected together into networks, including mesh networks, to make for a more robust architecture.

A compound of the formula, plus devices incorporating this compound, and a method of marking such devices: ##STR00001## wherein: A represents a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group or two phenyl groups linked by a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl chain; B.sup.1 and B.sup.2 in each occurrence are independently selected side chains of the structure
—(Y.sup.1).sub.n-L-(Y.sup.2).sub.m—X wherein: Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 in each occurrence are independently selected from O, CO.sub.2— and CH.sub.2O, m and n in each occurrence are independently selected from 0 or 1; L in each occurrence is a C.sub.2-C.sub.14 straight chain alkyl group; and X in each occurrence is an independently selected cross linkable group; C is a side chain of the structure —(Z.sup.1).sub.p-M-(Z.sup.2).sub.q-E wherein: Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are independently selected from O, CO.sub.2— and CH.sub.2O, p and q in each occurrence are independently selected from 0 or 1; M is a C.sub.1-C.sub.14 straight chain alkyl group; and E comprises a charge transport group; D is a side chain of the structure —(W.sup.1).sub.r—N—(W.sup.2).sub.s—F wherein: W.sup.1 and W.sup.2 are independently selected from O, CO.sub.2— and CH.sub.2O, r and s in each occurrence are independently selected from 0 or 1; N is a C.sub.1-C.sub.14 straight chain alkyl group; and F comprises a charge transport group or light emitter group; and wherein the charge transport group E does not contain a fluorene group other than those that form part of a spirobifluorenearylamine motif.

A compound of the formula, plus devices incorporating this compound, and a method of marking such devices: ##STR00001## wherein: A represents a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group or two phenyl groups linked by a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl chain; B.sup.1 and B.sup.2 in each occurrence are independently selected side chains of the structure
—(Y.sup.1).sub.n-L-(Y.sup.2).sub.m—X wherein: Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 in each occurrence are independently selected from O, CO.sub.2— and CH.sub.2O, m and n in each occurrence are independently selected from 0 or 1; L in each occurrence is a C.sub.2-C.sub.14 straight chain alkyl group; and X in each occurrence is an independently selected cross linkable group; C is a side chain of the structure —(Z.sup.1).sub.p-M-(Z.sup.2).sub.q-E wherein: Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are independently selected from O, CO.sub.2— and CH.sub.2O, p and q in each occurrence are independently selected from 0 or 1; M is a C.sub.1-C.sub.14 straight chain alkyl group; and E comprises a charge transport group; D is a side chain of the structure —(W.sup.1).sub.r—N—(W.sup.2).sub.s—F wherein: W.sup.1 and W.sup.2 are independently selected from O, CO.sub.2— and CH.sub.2O, r and s in each occurrence are independently selected from 0 or 1; N is a C.sub.1-C.sub.14 straight chain alkyl group; and F comprises a charge transport group or light emitter group; and wherein the charge transport group E does not contain a fluorene group other than those that form part of a spirobifluorenearylamine motif.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for monitoring and controlling electronic devices using wired and wireless protocols are disclosed. The systems and apparatus may monitor their environment for signals from electronic devices. The systems and apparatus may take and disambiguate the signals that are received from the devices in their environment to identify the devices and associate control signals with the devices. The systems and apparatus may use communication means to send control signals to the identified electronic devices. Multiple apparatuses or systems may be connected together into networks, including mesh networks, to make for a more robust architecture.