The invention relates to a method for preparing 6-aminocaproic acid (hereinafter also referred to as 6-ACA) using a biocatalyst. The invention further relates to a method for preparing E-caprolactam (hereafter referred to as caprolactam) by cyclising such 6-ACA. The invention further relates to a host cell, a micro-organism, or a polynucleotide which may be used in the preparation of 6-ACA or caprolactam.

The invention relates to a method for preparing 6-aminocaproic acid (hereinafter also referred to as 6-ACA) using a biocatalyst. The invention further relates to a method for preparing E-caprolactam (hereafter referred to as caprolactam) by cyclising such 6-ACA. The invention further relates to a host cell, a micro-organism, or a polynucleotide which may be used in the preparation of 6-ACA or caprolactam.

The present patent discloses a novel one pot two-step process for the synthesis of ivacaftor and related compounds of [Formula (I)], wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and Ar.sub.1 are as described above; its tautomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof starting from indole acetic acid amides. ##STR00001##

The present patent discloses a novel one pot two-step process for the synthesis of ivacaftor and related compounds of [Formula (I)], wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and Ar.sub.1 are as described above; its tautomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof starting from indole acetic acid amides. ##STR00001##

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of aminating an aromatic compound comprising reacting an aminating agent with an aromatic compound in the presence of a rhodium catalyst. In some embodiments, the methods may comprise aminating an aromatic compound which contains multiple different functional groups. The methods described herein may also be used to create bicyclic system comprising reacting an intramolecular aminating agent with an aromatic ring to obtain a second ring containing a nitrogen atom. In another aspect, the methods described herein may also be used to create a cyclic aliphatic cyclic/poly cyclic amine system comprising a reacting an intramolecular aminating agent by insertion into a C(sp3)-H bond.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of aminating an aromatic compound comprising reacting an aminating agent with an aromatic compound in the presence of a rhodium catalyst. In some embodiments, the methods may comprise aminating an aromatic compound which contains multiple different functional groups. The methods described herein may also be used to create bicyclic system comprising reacting an intramolecular aminating agent with an aromatic ring to obtain a second ring containing a nitrogen atom. In another aspect, the methods described herein may also be used to create a cyclic aliphatic cyclic/poly cyclic amine system comprising a reacting an intramolecular aminating agent by insertion into a C(sp3)-H bond.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides methods of aminating an aromatic compound comprising reacting an aminating agent with an aromatic compound in the presence of a rhodium catalyst. In some embodiments, the methods may comprise aminating an aromatic compound which contains multiple different functional groups. The methods described herein may also be used to create bicyclic system comprising reacting an intramolecular aminating agent with an aromatic ring to obtain a second ring containing a nitrogen atom. In another aspect, the methods described herein may also be used to create a cyclic aliphatic cyclic/poly cyclic amine system comprising a reacting an intramolecular aminating agent by insertion into a C(sp3)-H bond.

There is disclosed a process for the co-production of long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) reacting long chain ketoacid derivative with hydroxylamine or subjecting ketoacid derivative to an ammoximation to yield oxime derivative; (2) subjecting oxime derivative to Beckmann rearrangement to yield a mixture of mixed amide derivatives; (3) hydrolyzing the mixed amide derivatives to produce long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid.

There is disclosed a process for the co-production of long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) reacting long chain ketoacid derivative with hydroxylamine or subjecting ketoacid derivative to an ammoximation to yield oxime derivative; (2) subjecting oxime derivative to Beckmann rearrangement to yield a mixture of mixed amide derivatives; (3) hydrolyzing the mixed amide derivatives to produce long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid.

The hydrophilic oil repellent includes one or more types of nitrogen-containing fluorine-based compounds. The nitrogen-containing fluorine-based compound includes any one hydrophilicity imparting group selected from the group consisting of anion type hydrophilicity imparting groups, cation type hydrophilicity imparting groups, and amphoteric type hydrophilicity imparting groups in the molecule.