Methods of synthesizing fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin are provided. The methods utilize affordable materials, reduce the number of synthesis steps and provide high yields.

Methods of synthesizing fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin are provided. The methods utilize affordable materials, reduce the number of synthesis steps and provide high yields.

The invention provides a self-oriented material, a self-oriented liquid crystal material and a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal panel. The self-oriented material provided by the invention can be used for carrying out alignment on liquid crystal molecules, and a polyimide alignment layer is not required to be arranged in the liquid crystal panel when the self-oriented material is added into the liquid crystal material. The self-oriented liquid crystal material disclosed by the invention contains the self-oriented material, the self-oriented material can be used for carrying out alignment on liquid crystal molecules, therefore a polyimide alignment layer is not required to be arranged in the liquid crystal panel. According to the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal panel, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is realized by utilizing the self-oriented material in the self-oriented liquid crystal material, and the polyimide alignment layer does not need to be manufactured, so that the process for manufacturing the polyimide alignment layer is saved, and the production cost is reduced.

The invention provides a self-oriented material, a self-oriented liquid crystal material and a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal panel. The self-oriented material provided by the invention can be used for carrying out alignment on liquid crystal molecules, and a polyimide alignment layer is not required to be arranged in the liquid crystal panel when the self-oriented material is added into the liquid crystal material. The self-oriented liquid crystal material disclosed by the invention contains the self-oriented material, the self-oriented material can be used for carrying out alignment on liquid crystal molecules, therefore a polyimide alignment layer is not required to be arranged in the liquid crystal panel. According to the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal panel, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is realized by utilizing the self-oriented material in the self-oriented liquid crystal material, and the polyimide alignment layer does not need to be manufactured, so that the process for manufacturing the polyimide alignment layer is saved, and the production cost is reduced.

The present invention relates to a new chemical synthesis, intermediates and catalysts useful for the preparation of the neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor sacubitril, inter alia via nitro 5 compounds. It further relates to new intermediate compounds and their use for said new chemical synthesis route, as well as a new catalyst ligand.

The present invention relates to a new chemical synthesis, intermediates and catalysts useful for the preparation of the neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor sacubitril, inter alia via nitro 5 compounds. It further relates to new intermediate compounds and their use for said new chemical synthesis route, as well as a new catalyst ligand.

It is an objective of the present invention to provide a novel polymerizable triptycene derivative and a polymer compound as constituent component thereof that has a structure in which three benzene rings arranged at the axis formed by barrelene of the triptycene skeleton can rotate evenly and that has hydrophilicity imparted to it as compared to any of the prior art triptycene derivatives and is thus highly useful in functional materials.

The above objective is achieved by the polymerizable triptycene derivative and a polymer compound as constituent component thereof having substituents with an unsaturated bonding functional group at position 9 and/or position 10 of the triptycene skeleton, the polymerizable triptycene derivative having two carboxyl groups and the polymerizable triptycene derivative having one carboxyl group and one amino group.

Provided are prodrugs of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as well as compositions and uses thereof.

Provided are prodrugs of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as well as compositions and uses thereof.

Provided are prodrugs of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as well as compositions and uses thereof.