Provided is a preparing method of an amide directly from a tertiary amine by using a reduced titanium dioxide (Blue TiO.sub.2), which is formed by mixing a titanium dioxide having an anatase phase and a rutile phase with a reducing agent and selectively reducing any one of the anatase phase and the rutile phase, as a photocatalyst.

Provided is a preparing method of an amide directly from a tertiary amine by using a reduced titanium dioxide (Blue TiO.sub.2), which is formed by mixing a titanium dioxide having an anatase phase and a rutile phase with a reducing agent and selectively reducing any one of the anatase phase and the rutile phase, as a photocatalyst.

Provided is a preparing method of an amide directly from a tertiary amine by using a reduced titanium dioxide (Blue TiO.sub.2), which is formed by mixing a titanium dioxide having an anatase phase and a rutile phase with a reducing agent and selectively reducing any one of the anatase phase and the rutile phase, as a photocatalyst.

Disclosed herein are compounds of formula (I) which are inhibitors of an IDO enzyme: (I). Also disclosed herein are uses of the compounds in the potential treatment or prevention of an IDO-associated disease or disorder. Also disclosed herein are compositions comprising these compounds. Further disclosed herein are uses of the compositions in the potential treatment or prevention of an IDO-associated disease or disorder. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them:

##STR00001##

wherein meanings of the substituents are indicated in the description.

Such compounds for use in the treatment of cancer and other diseases related to altered angiogenesis, such as arthritic pathology, diabetic retinopathy, psoriasis and chronic inflammatory disease, are also within the scope of the present invention.

The present disclosure relates to a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of formula (I). The present composition also relates to methods treating a disease or disorder associated with ubiquitin-specific protease 28 (USP28), methods of treating cancer, and methods of inhibiting USP28.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of formula (I). The present composition also relates to methods treating a disease or disorder associated with ubiquitin-specific protease 28 (USP28), methods of treating cancer, and methods of inhibiting USP28.

##STR00001##

A compound: ##STR00001##
wherein X.sup.1 represents an alkenylene group, a —NH—CO— group, a —CO—NH— group, Y.sup.1 represents an aryl group selected from pyridyl, pyrazinyl or pyrimidinyl, X.sup.2 represents —O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—NH—, —OCH.sub.2—, —NH—CO—, a divalent 5-membered heteroaromatic ring comprising 1 to 4 heteroatoms or —SO.sub.2—NH—, and Y.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a morpholinyl group, a piperidinyl group, optionally substituted by a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, a piperazinyl group, optionally substituted by a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, or —CR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 or alternatively X.sup.2—Y.sup.2 represents —CONR.sub.cR.sub.d, wherein R.sub.c and R.sub.d form, together with the nitrogen atom a heterocyclic ring, optionally substituted by one or two (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, by a cyclopentyl group thus forming a spirocyclopentyl, or by a trifluoromethyl group, or any of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, for use in the treatment and/or prevention of a RNA virus infection caused by a RNA virus belonging to group IV or V of the Baltimore classification.

A compound: ##STR00001##
wherein X.sup.1 represents an alkenylene group, a —NH—CO— group, a —CO—NH— group, Y.sup.1 represents an aryl group selected from pyridyl, pyrazinyl or pyrimidinyl, X.sup.2 represents —O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—NH—, —OCH.sub.2—, —NH—CO—, a divalent 5-membered heteroaromatic ring comprising 1 to 4 heteroatoms or —SO.sub.2—NH—, and Y.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a morpholinyl group, a piperidinyl group, optionally substituted by a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, a piperazinyl group, optionally substituted by a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, or —CR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 or alternatively X.sup.2—Y.sup.2 represents —CONR.sub.cR.sub.d, wherein R.sub.c and R.sub.d form, together with the nitrogen atom a heterocyclic ring, optionally substituted by one or two (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, by a cyclopentyl group thus forming a spirocyclopentyl, or by a trifluoromethyl group, or any of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, for use in the treatment and/or prevention of a RNA virus infection caused by a RNA virus belonging to group IV or V of the Baltimore classification.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for inhibiting group II intron splicing for treating or preventing a disease or disorder associated with an organism harboring an active group II intron. The present invention also provides compositions and methods for inhibiting group II intron splicing for inhibiting, preventing or reducing growth of an organism harboring an active group II intron.