Provided is a photochemical reaction device wherein two partitions formed from an optically transparent material are arranged apart from each other between a light source and a reaction liquid, and an optically transparent fluid introduction/discharge means for introducing an optically transparent fluid between the partitions and discharging the fluid and a state change detection means for detecting a change in the state of the optically transparent fluid at the discharge side of the optically transparent fluid introduction/discharge means are provided. Also provided are a photochemical reaction method that uses the photochemical reaction device and a lactam production method that uses the photochemical reaction method. The present invention prevents decreases in the performance of the light source even when the optically transparent material in the photochemical reaction device is damaged, and makes it possible to reliably prevent ignition even if the reaction liquid is a flammable liquid.

Provided is a photochemical reaction device wherein two partitions formed from an optically transparent material are arranged apart from each other between a light source and a reaction liquid, and an optically transparent fluid introduction/discharge means for introducing an optically transparent fluid between the partitions and discharging the fluid and a state change detection means for detecting a change in the state of the optically transparent fluid at the discharge side of the optically transparent fluid introduction/discharge means are provided. Also provided are a photochemical reaction method that uses the photochemical reaction device and a lactam production method that uses the photochemical reaction method. The present invention prevents decreases in the performance of the light source even when the optically transparent material in the photochemical reaction device is damaged, and makes it possible to reliably prevent ignition even if the reaction liquid is a flammable liquid.

The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a stereoisomer, tautomer, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein all the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are selective LPA receptor inhibitors.

A power supply device, a photochemical reaction device and method in which the power supply device is used, and a lactam production method in which the photochemical reaction method is used, the power supply device being characterized by having a control circuit for controlling the current from a power supply source, a cooling means capable of cooling the surroundings by channeling a refrigerant, a heat transfer means connecting the cooling means and the control circuit to each other, and an insulating means interposed between and in contact with the heat transfer means and the control circuit. It is possible to prevent an excessive increase in temperature of the control circuit, stably maintain the function of the control circuit, and extend the lifespan of electric and electronic components mounted on the control circuit. Applying this power supply device makes it possible to build a high-output and high-integration type LED light source device, and operate the light source device in a stable manner over a long period.

A method of producing a cycloalkanone oxime by a photochemical reaction of a cycloalkane with a photo nitrosating agent in a liquid by light irradiation includes irradiating the liquid with a light source configured to emit light satisfying conditions that, in an emission energy distribution with respect to wavelength of light, a wavelength providing a maximum value of emission energy is 550 nm to 700 nm and a continuous wavelength range including the wavelength providing the maximum value and outputting energy of or over 5% of the maximum value is equal to or less than 150 nm, wherein a ratio E/V of a light irradiation energy E out of electric power E input into the light source to a reaction volume V which is a volume of a space for the photochemical reaction of the cycloalkane with the photo nitrosating agent is equal to or greater than 5.5 w/L.

A method of producing a cycloalkanone oxime by a photochemical reaction of a cycloalkane with a photo nitrosating agent in a liquid by light irradiation includes irradiating the liquid with a light source configured to emit light satisfying conditions that, in an emission energy distribution with respect to wavelength of light, a wavelength providing a maximum value of emission energy is 550 nm to 700 nm and a continuous wavelength range including the wavelength providing the maximum value and outputting energy of or over 5% of the maximum value is equal to or less than 150 nm, wherein a ratio E/V of a light irradiation energy E out of electric power E input into the light source to a reaction volume V which is a volume of a space for the photochemical reaction of the cycloalkane with the photo nitrosating agent is equal to or greater than 5.5 w/L.

A method of producing a cycloalkanone oxime by a photochemical reaction of a cycloalkane with a photo nitrosating agent in a liquid by light irradiation includes irradiating the liquid with a light source configured to emit light satisfying conditions that, in an emission energy distribution with respect to wavelength of light, a wavelength providing a maximum value of emission energy is 550 nm to 700 nm and a continuous wavelength range including the wavelength providing the maximum value and outputting energy of or over 5% of the maximum value is equal to or less than 150 nm, wherein a ratio E/V of a light irradiation energy E out of electric power E input into the light source to a reaction volume V which is a volume of a space for the photochemical reaction of the cycloalkane with the photo nitrosating agent is equal to or greater than 5.5 w/L.

The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, tautomer, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein all the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are selective LPA receptor inhibitors.

The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, tautomer, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein all the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are selective LPA receptor inhibitors.

The present disclosure relates to a method for more readily preparing an oxime derivative under mild conditions by using a nitrogen oxide as a NO supply source.