The present invention provides a composition comprising an acidified aqueous solution of (1) micro colloidal silicic acid, (2) boric acid, and (3) a water absorbing additive, having a pH value of equal to or less than 1, wherein the micro colloidal silicic acid has particle sizes in the range of 1-8 nm, especially in the range of 1.5-6 nm. The invention also provides a particulate product obtainable by the method according to claim 18, wherein the particles comprise (1) silicic acid, (2) boric acid, and (3) the water absorbing additive, and wherein at least 90% of the particles in the particulate product have particle sizes in the range of 0.3-5 μm.

The present invention provides a composition comprising an acidified aqueous solution of (1) micro colloidal silicic acid, (2) boric acid, and (3) a water absorbing additive, having a pH value of equal to or less than 1, wherein the micro colloidal silicic acid has particle sizes in the range of 1-8 nm, especially in the range of 1.5-6 nm. The invention also provides a particulate product obtainable by the method according to claim 18, wherein the particles comprise (1) silicic acid, (2) boric acid, and (3) the water absorbing additive, and wherein at least 90% of the particles in the particulate product have particle sizes in the range of 0.3-5 μm.

A combination comprising a multi-site contact fungicide, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and a second systemic fungicide and a method using the same.

A method of cleaning and disinfecting a surface comprises producing a diluted cleaning disinfectant solution from a concentrated cleaning disinfectant solution, and contacting the surface with the diluted solution. A concentrated cleaning disinfectant solution is stable at freezing temperatures and comprises antimicrobial acid, surface cleaning acid, solubilizing agent, hydrotrope, and surfactant. The antimicrobial acid comprises a synergistic combination of (i) salicylic acid, derivative of salicylic acid, or a combination thereof, and (ii) gluconic acid, derivative of salicylic acid, or a combination thereof. The surface cleaning acid comprises at least one acid selected from mineral acid, methane sulfonic acid, formic acid, or sulfonic acid having an alkyl group with no greater than three carbon atoms. The surfactant selected from anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

A method of cleaning and disinfecting a surface comprises producing a diluted cleaning disinfectant solution from a concentrated cleaning disinfectant solution, and contacting the surface with the diluted solution. A concentrated cleaning disinfectant solution is stable at freezing temperatures and comprises antimicrobial acid, surface cleaning acid, solubilizing agent, hydrotrope, and surfactant. The antimicrobial acid comprises a synergistic combination of (i) salicylic acid, derivative of salicylic acid, or a combination thereof, and (ii) gluconic acid, derivative of salicylic acid, or a combination thereof. The surface cleaning acid comprises at least one acid selected from mineral acid, methane sulfonic acid, formic acid, or sulfonic acid having an alkyl group with no greater than three carbon atoms. The surfactant selected from anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

There is provided a core-shell composite comprising a core which comprises zinc metal and a shell that at least partially encapsulates the core, wherein the shell comprises a salt of the zinc metal as a cation with a sulphur-containing anion. There is also provided a method of forming a core-shell composite comprising the step of heating a mixture of zinc metal particle with elemental sulphur to form the core-shell composite, wherein the zinc metal particle forms the core of the core-shell composite, and wherein the shell of the said core-shell composite at least partially encapsulates the core and comprises a salt of the zinc metal as a cation with a sulphur-containing anion. There is also provided a method of killing or inhibiting the growth of a microbe, comprising the step of subjecting the microbe to the as-disclosed core-shell composite. There is also provided an anti-microbial coating on a substrate surface or an additive in a composition or a formulation comprising the as-disclosed core-shell composite.

There is provided a core-shell composite comprising a core which comprises zinc metal and a shell that at least partially encapsulates the core, wherein the shell comprises a salt of the zinc metal as a cation with a sulphur-containing anion. There is also provided a method of forming a core-shell composite comprising the step of heating a mixture of zinc metal particle with elemental sulphur to form the core-shell composite, wherein the zinc metal particle forms the core of the core-shell composite, and wherein the shell of the said core-shell composite at least partially encapsulates the core and comprises a salt of the zinc metal as a cation with a sulphur-containing anion. There is also provided a method of killing or inhibiting the growth of a microbe, comprising the step of subjecting the microbe to the as-disclosed core-shell composite. There is also provided an anti-microbial coating on a substrate surface or an additive in a composition or a formulation comprising the as-disclosed core-shell composite.

The current invention concerns a synergistically effective fungicide composition comprising as component (A) a fungicidally active amount of choline phosphonate and as component (B) at least one additional fungicide selected from the group comprising quinone fungicides, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, benzamide fungicides, sulphur fungicides, carboxylic acid amide fungicides, demethylation inhibitor fungicides, phenylamide fungicides, copper fungicides, piperidinyl thiazole isoxazoline fungicides and sugar alcohols, wherein a weight ratio of components (A) and (B) is in a range from 1:1000 to 1000:1.

The invention further concerns a kit a use of a fungicide composition according to the invention in an amount effective for controlling one or more types of fungal infections by applying the fungicide composition to the fungal infections.

The current invention concerns a synergistically effective fungicide composition comprising as component (A) a fungicidally active amount of choline phosphonate and as component (B) at least one additional fungicide selected from the group comprising quinone fungicides, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, benzamide fungicides, sulphur fungicides, carboxylic acid amide fungicides, demethylation inhibitor fungicides, phenylamide fungicides, copper fungicides, piperidinyl thiazole isoxazoline fungicides and sugar alcohols, wherein a weight ratio of components (A) and (B) is in a range from 1:1000 to 1000:1.

The invention further concerns a kit a use of a fungicide composition according to the invention in an amount effective for controlling one or more types of fungal infections by applying the fungicide composition to the fungal infections.

The current invention concerns a synergistically effective fungicide composition comprising as component (A) a fungicidally active amount of choline phosphonate and as component (B) at least one additional fungicide selected from the group comprising quinone fungicides, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, benzamide fungicides, sulphur fungicides, carboxylic acid amide fungicides, demethylation inhibitor fungicides, phenylamide fungicides, copper fungicides, piperidinyl thiazole isoxazoline fungicides and sugar alcohols, wherein a weight ratio of components (A) and (B) is in a range from 1:1000 to 1000:1.

The invention further concerns a kit a use of a fungicide composition according to the invention in an amount effective for controlling one or more types of fungal infections by applying the fungicide composition to the fungal infections.