The present invention refers to a process for a transition metal, particularly nickel-catalyzed cyanation reaction of aryl/vinyl halide using organic nitrile compounds. This new reaction provides a strategically distinct approach to the safe preparation of aryl/vinyl cyanides, which are essential compounds in agrochemistry and medicinal chemistry.

The present invention refers to a process for a transition metal, particularly nickel-catalyzed cyanation reaction of aryl/vinyl halide using organic nitrile compounds. This new reaction provides a strategically distinct approach to the safe preparation of aryl/vinyl cyanides, which are essential compounds in agrochemistry and medicinal chemistry.

Compounds that inhibit HIF-2α, and compositions containing the compound(s) and methods for synthesizing the compounds, are described herein. Also described are the use of such compounds and compositions for the treatment of a diverse array of diseases, disorders, and conditions, including cancer- and immune-related disorders that are mediated, at least in part, by HIF-2α.

An organic compound represented by formula (1). ##STR00001## In the formula (1), R.sub.1 to R.sub.18 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a substituent. At least one of R.sub.1 to R.sub.18 represents a substituent. The substituent is an aryl group having at least one cyano group or a heterocyclic group having at least one cyano group.

Compounds that inhibit HIF-2α, and compositions containing the compound(s) and methods for synthesizing the compounds, are described herein. Also described are the use of such compounds and compositions for the treatment of a diverse array of diseases, disorders, and conditions, including cancer- and immune-related disorders that are mediated, at least in part, by HIF-2α.

An organic compound represented by the following formula [1] or [2]:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.22 independently denote a substituent selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, and/or R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 may be bonded together to form a ring structure.

An organic compound represented by the following formula [1] or [2]:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.22 independently denote a substituent selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, and/or R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 may be bonded together to form a ring structure.

A compound is represented by a formula (2) below. In the formula (2), at least one pair of a pair of X.sub.1 and X.sub.2, a pair of X.sub.2 and X.sub.3, a pair of X.sub.3 and X.sub.4, a pair of X.sub.4 and X.sub.5, a pair of X.sub.7 and X.sub.8, a pair of X.sub.8 and X.sub.9, a pair of X.sub.10 and X.sub.11, a pair of X.sub.11 and X.sub.12, a pair of X.sub.12 and X.sub.13, and a pair of X.sub.16 and X.sub.1 are carbon atoms to be bonded to a structure represented by as formula (2a) or (2b) below, ##STR00001##

Compounds that inhibit HIF-2α, and compositions containing the compound(s) and methods for synthesizing the compounds, are described herein. Also described are the use of such compounds and compositions for the treatment of a diverse array of diseases, disorders, and conditions, including cancer- and immune-related disorders that are mediated, at least in part, by HIF-2α.

An organic compound represented by formula (1).

##STR00001##

In the formula (1), R.sub.1 to R.sub.18 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a substituent. At least one of R.sub.1 to R.sub.18 represents a substituent. The substituent is an aryl group having at least one cyano group or a heterocyclic group having at least one cyano group.