A method for obtaining a salt with a general formula: R.sub.xNI, wherein: R.sub.xN is an organic cation (R.sub.xN.sup.+), R represents substituents (R) independently selected from a group consisting of organic substituents: R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and hydrogen (H), x is a number of the substituents R directly linked with the nitrogen (N) atom in the organic cation R.sub.xN.sup.+, wherein x is 3 or 4, I is an iodide anion (I.sup.). The method comprises: preparing a reaction mixture comprising the steps of: synthesizing hydrogen iodide (HI) in situ by mixing molecular iodine (I.sub.2) with formic acid (COOH) in a molar ratio of molecular iodine (I.sub.2): formic acid (COOH) of no less than 1.01:1, in a solvent medium, introducing into the solvent medium a compound being a donor of organic cation R.sub.xN.sup.+ in an amount providing the molar ratio of the donor of organic cation R.sub.xN.sup.+: molecular iodine (I.sub.2) of no less than 1.01:1, and maintaining the reaction mixture at a temperature of not less than 20 C. for the time necessary to obtain the reaction product being the salt with the general formula R.sub.xNI. The obtained product is a substrate for synthesis of perovskites.

A method for obtaining a salt with a general formula: R.sub.xNI, wherein: R.sub.xN is an organic cation (R.sub.xN.sup.+), R represents substituents (R) independently selected from a group consisting of organic substituents: R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and hydrogen (H), x is a number of the substituents R directly linked with the nitrogen (N) atom in the organic cation R.sub.xN.sup.+, wherein x is 3 or 4, I is an iodide anion (I.sup.). The method comprises: preparing a reaction mixture comprising the steps of: synthesizing hydrogen iodide (HI) in situ by mixing molecular iodine (I.sub.2) with formic acid (COOH) in a molar ratio of molecular iodine (I.sub.2): formic acid (COOH) of no less than 1.01:1, in a solvent medium, introducing into the solvent medium a compound being a donor of organic cation R.sub.xN.sup.+ in an amount providing the molar ratio of the donor of organic cation R.sub.xN.sup.+: molecular iodine (I.sub.2) of no less than 1.01:1, and maintaining the reaction mixture at a temperature of not less than 20 C. for the time necessary to obtain the reaction product being the salt with the general formula R.sub.xNI. The obtained product is a substrate for synthesis of perovskites.

The invention describes pharmaceutical agents capable of crossing the blood brain barrier to protect against organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents or other electrophiles by reactivating inhibited cholinesterase (i.e., acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) and other proteins in the peripheral and central nervous system.

The invention describes pharmaceutical agents capable of crossing the blood brain barrier to protect against organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents or other electrophiles by reactivating inhibited cholinesterase (i.e., acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) and other proteins in the peripheral and central nervous system.

This invention concerns HIV replication inhibitors of formula

##STR00001##

the N-oxides, the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, the quaternary amines and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the ring containing -a.sup.1=a.sup.2-a.sup.3=a.sup.4- and -b.sup.1=b.sup.2-b.sup.3=b.sup.4- represents phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pirazinyl, pyridazinyl; n is 0 to 5; m is 1 to 4; R.sup.1 is hydrogen; aryl; formyl; C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl; C.sub.1-6alkyl; C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl; substituted C.sub.1-6alkyl, C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyloxy; substituted C.sub.1-6alkyloxyC.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl; R.sup.2 is hydroxy, halo, optionally substituted C.sub.1-6alkyl, C.sub.3-7cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C.sub.2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C.sub.2-6alkynyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxy, C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl, carboxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, mono- or di(C.sub.1-6alkyl)amino, polyhalomethyl, polyhalomethyloxy, polyhalomethylthio, S(O).sub.pR.sup.6, NHS(O).sub.pR.sup.6, C(O)R.sup.6, NHC(O)H, C(O)NHNH.sub.2, NHC(O)R.sup.6, C(NH)R.sup.6 or a 5-membered heterocycle; X.sub.1 is NR.sup.5, NHNH, NN, O, C(O), C.sub.1-4alkanediyl, CHOH, S, S(O).sub.p, X.sub.2C.sub.1-4alkanediyl- or C.sub.1-4alkanediyl-X.sub.2; R.sup.3 is NHR.sup.13; NR.sup.13R.sup.14; C(O)NHR.sup.13; C(O)NR.sup.13R.sup.14; C(O)R.sup.15; CHNNHC(O)R.sup.16; substituted C.sub.1-6alkyl; optionally substituted C.sub.1-6alkyloxyC.sub.1-6alkyl; substituted C.sub.2-6alkenyl; substituted C.sub.2-6alkynyl; C.sub.1-6alkyl substituted with hydroxy and a second substituent; C(NOR.sup.8)C.sub.1-4alkyl; R.sup.7; or X.sub.3R.sup.7; R.sup.4 is halo, hydroxy, C.sub.1-6alkyl, C.sub.3-7cycloalkyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxy, cyano, nitro, polyhaloC.sub.1-6alkyl, polyhaloC.sub.1-6alkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl, formyl, amino, mono- or di(C.sub.1-4alkyl)amino; their use as a medicine, their processes for preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

This invention concerns HIV replication inhibitors of formula

##STR00001##

the N-oxides, the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, the quaternary amines and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the ring containing -a.sup.1=a.sup.2-a.sup.3=a.sup.4- and -b.sup.1=b.sup.2-b.sup.3=b.sup.4- represents phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pirazinyl, pyridazinyl; n is 0 to 5; m is 1 to 4; R.sup.1 is hydrogen; aryl; formyl; C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl; C.sub.1-6alkyl; C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl; substituted C.sub.1-6alkyl, C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyloxy; substituted C.sub.1-6alkyloxyC.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl; R.sup.2 is hydroxy, halo, optionally substituted C.sub.1-6alkyl, C.sub.3-7cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C.sub.2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C.sub.2-6alkynyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxy, C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl, carboxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, mono- or di(C.sub.1-6alkyl)amino, polyhalomethyl, polyhalomethyloxy, polyhalomethylthio, S(O).sub.pR.sup.6, NHS(O).sub.pR.sup.6, C(O)R.sup.6, NHC(O)H, C(O)NHNH.sub.2, NHC(O)R.sup.6, C(NH)R.sup.6 or a 5-membered heterocycle; X.sub.1 is NR.sup.5, NHNH, NN, O, C(O), C.sub.1-4alkanediyl, CHOH, S, S(O).sub.p, X.sub.2C.sub.1-4alkanediyl- or C.sub.1-4alkanediyl-X.sub.2; R.sup.3 is NHR.sup.13; NR.sup.13R.sup.14; C(O)NHR.sup.13; C(O)NR.sup.13R.sup.14; C(O)R.sup.15; CHNNHC(O)R.sup.16; substituted C.sub.1-6alkyl; optionally substituted C.sub.1-6alkyloxyC.sub.1-6alkyl; substituted C.sub.2-6alkenyl; substituted C.sub.2-6alkynyl; C.sub.1-6alkyl substituted with hydroxy and a second substituent; C(NOR.sup.8)C.sub.1-4alkyl; R.sup.7; or X.sub.3R.sup.7; R.sup.4 is halo, hydroxy, C.sub.1-6alkyl, C.sub.3-7cycloalkyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxy, cyano, nitro, polyhaloC.sub.1-6alkyl, polyhaloC.sub.1-6alkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkyloxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-6alkylcarbonyl, formyl, amino, mono- or di(C.sub.1-4alkyl)amino; their use as a medicine, their processes for preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

The invention describes pharmaceutical agents capable of crossing the blood brain barrier to protect against organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents or other electrophiles by reactivating inhibited cholinesterase (i.e., acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) and other proteins in the peripheral and central nervous system.

The invention describes pharmaceutical agents capable of crossing the blood brain barrier to protect against organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents or other electrophiles by reactivating inhibited cholinesterase (i.e., acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) and other proteins in the peripheral and central nervous system.

Methods and compositions for depositing rare earth metal-containing layers are described herein. In general, the disclosed methods deposit the precursor compounds comprising rare earth-containing compounds using deposition methods such as chemical vapor deposition or atomic layer deposition. The disclosed precursor compounds include a cyclopentadienyl ligand having at least one aliphatic group as a substituent and an amidine ligand.

Methods and compositions for depositing rare earth metal-containing layers are described herein. In general, the disclosed methods deposit the precursor compounds comprising rare earth-containing compounds using deposition methods such as chemical vapor deposition or atomic layer deposition. The disclosed precursor compounds include a cyclopentadienyl ligand having at least one aliphatic group as a substituent and an amidine ligand.