An alkyl sulfate ester containing a carbonyl group or a salt thereof. The compound is represented by the following formula:

R.sup.1C(O)(CR.sup.2.sub.2).sub.n(OR.sup.3).sub.p(CR.sup.4.sub.2).sub.q-L-OSO.sub.3X

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, L, X, n, p and q are as defined herein. Also disclosed is a production method for making the alkyl sulfate ester.

Provided herein are solid forms comprising (a) 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidine-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione and (b) a coformer. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the solid forms (e.g., cocrystals) and methods for treating, preventing and managing various disorders are also disclosed.

Provided herein are solid forms comprising (a) 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidine-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione and (b) a coformer. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the solid forms (e.g., cocrystals) and methods for treating, preventing and managing various disorders are also disclosed.

Processes to prepare lightly branched surfactant products comprise combining at least one olefin and a coordination-insertion catalyst under conditions such that at least one oligomer product is formed. The surfactant products comprise a main carbon chain containing an average of between 0.5 and 2.5 branches, wherein more than 50% of the branches are ethyl branches, wherein the branches are located more than one carbon away from each end of the main carbon chain in more than 20% of surfactant product molecules.

Processes to prepare lightly branched surfactant products comprise combining at least one olefin and a coordination-insertion catalyst under conditions such that at least one oligomer product is formed. The surfactant products comprise a main carbon chain containing an average of between 0.5 and 2.5 branches, wherein more than 50% of the branches are ethyl branches, wherein the branches are located more than one carbon away from each end of the main carbon chain in more than 20% of surfactant product molecules.

A surfactant of formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, x is an integer in a range of 2-8, y is an integer in a range of 1-15, z is an integer in a range of 4-10, n is an integer in a range of 2-5, and A is one of a carboxybetaine group, a sulfobetaine group, or a hydroxy sulfobetaine group. An oil and gas well servicing fluid containing the surfactant and methods of servicing an oil and gas well are also described.

A surfactant of formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, x is an integer in a range of 2-8, y is an integer in a range of 1-15, z is an integer in a range of 4-10, n is an integer in a range of 2-5, and A is one of a carboxybetaine group, a sulfobetaine group, or a hydroxy sulfobetaine group. An oil and gas well servicing fluid containing the surfactant and methods of servicing an oil and gas well are also described.

The present invention relates generally to methods for producing renewable detergent compounds. More specifically, the invention relates to methods for producing detergent intermediates, including bio-linear alkylbenzene (LAB), bio-alcohols, and long chain bio-paraffins, from natural oils.

The present invention relates generally to methods for producing renewable detergent compounds. More specifically, the invention relates to methods for producing detergent intermediates, including bio-linear alkylbenzene (LAB), bio-alcohols, and long chain bio-paraffins, from natural oils.

Provided are a method and a reagent for improving the activity of PETase. The method includes adding a surfactant, when a PETase (a) an aromatic polyester-degrading enzyme consisting of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 in the sequence listing; or PETase (b) an aromatic polyester-degrading enzyme consisting of an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion, substitution or addition of one or several amino acids with respect to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 in the sequence listing, and having an aromatic polyester-degrading activity is allowed to act on PET so as to degrade the PET.