Stereomerically pure (+)-2-[1-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylethyl]-4-acetylaminoisoindoline-1,3-dione, substantially free of its (−) isomer, and prodrugs, metabolites, polymorphs, salts, solvates, hydrates, and clathrates thereof are discussed. Also discussed are methods of using and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the (+) enantiomer of 2-[1-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylethyl]-4-acetylaminoisoindoline-1,3-dione are disclosed. The methods include methods of treating and/or preventing disorders ameliorated by the reduction of levels of TNF-α or the inhibition of PDE4.

Carbamate-substituted styryl sulfone compounds have a structure of general formula (I). The compounds not only has a significantly enhanced acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity compared with carbamates as positive drugs, but also has a significantly enhanced therapeutic effect on Parkinson's disease compared with caffeic acid phenethyl ester compounds having similar structures.

##STR00001##

Carbamate-substituted styryl sulfone compounds have a structure of general formula (I). The compounds not only has a significantly enhanced acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity compared with carbamates as positive drugs, but also has a significantly enhanced therapeutic effect on Parkinson's disease compared with caffeic acid phenethyl ester compounds having similar structures.

##STR00001##

The invention provides a compound having a selective inhibitory activity against highly-expressed LAT-1 in tumor cell. The compound is represented by the formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof, and a LAT-1 inhibitor comprising the same.

The invention provides a compound having a selective inhibitory activity against highly-expressed LAT-1 in tumor cell. The compound is represented by the formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof, and a LAT-1 inhibitor comprising the same.

Provided are compounds that can inhibit pathogenic, bacterial metabolite production and conjugates of the same. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and methods of using the same.

Provided are compounds that can inhibit pathogenic, bacterial metabolite production and conjugates of the same. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and methods of using the same.

Embodiments and methods for a new class of potent non-peptidic covalent inhibitors of nsP2 cysteine protease that inhibit Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus's (VEEV) replication in neuroblasts are disclosed. More particularly, an acrylate and vinyl sulfone-based chemical series were investigated as promising starting scaffolds against VEEV and as inhibitors of the cysteine protease domain of VEEV's non-structural protein 2 (nsP2). The invention discloses compounds of Formula I and analogues for treatment of VEEV.

Embodiments and methods for a new class of potent non-peptidic covalent inhibitors of nsP2 cysteine protease that inhibit Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus's (VEEV) replication in neuroblasts are disclosed. More particularly, an acrylate and vinyl sulfone-based chemical series were investigated as promising starting scaffolds against VEEV and as inhibitors of the cysteine protease domain of VEEV's non-structural protein 2 (nsP2). The invention discloses compounds of Formula I and analogues for treatment of VEEV.

The present invention relates to a compound, or a dimer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate of said compound or dimer, for use in a method for the treatment of a disease, disorder or condition caused by an RNA virus, said compound having the general structure shown in Formula (I).

##STR00001##