The present invention includes methods for making and isolating N-acetylcysteine amide, (2R,2R)-3,3-disulfanediyl bis(2-acetamidopropanamide, diNACA), intermediates and derivatives thereof comprising: contacting cystine with an alcohol and a chlorinating reagent to form an organic solution containing L-cystine dimethylester dihydrochloride; combining dried or undried L-cystine dimethylester dihydrochloride with a triethylamine, an acetic anhydride, and an acetonitrile to form a di-N-acetylcystine dimethylester; mixing dried di-N-acetylcystine dimethylester with ammonium hydroxide to form a di-N-acetylcystine amide (diNACA); and separating dried di-N-acetylcystine dimethylester into N-acetylcysteine amide with dithiothreitol, triethylamine and an alcohol.

Divalent salts of S-allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine and related compositions are disclosed which can be administered in order to provide protection from the formation of aldehyde-protein adducts, protein carbonylation, protein aggregation, and the resulting neuroinflammation. Various neurodegenerative diseases which are suitable for treatment using these compositions include Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Lewy body disease, peripheral neuropathy, spinal cord injury, stroke and cerebral ischemia.

Divalent salts of S-allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine and related compositions are disclosed which can be administered in order to provide protection from the formation of aldehyde-protein adducts, protein carbonylation, protein aggregation, and the resulting neuroinflammation. Various neurodegenerative diseases which are suitable for treatment using these compositions include Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Lewy body disease, peripheral neuropathy, spinal cord injury, stroke and cerebral ischemia.

An object of the present invention is to provide a dialkyl sulfide which can effectively form a metal sulfide film on a metal surface even in a low-temperature environment, has excellent storage stability, and is suitable as an extreme-pressure additive. The present invention provides a dialkyl sulfide represented by general formula (1) below (in the formula, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent an alkyl group, and n is an integer), wherein the content of a compound having an n value of 1 in the general formula (1) is 10.0% by mass or less relative to the total amount of compounds represented by the general formula (1)

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a dialkyl sulfide which can effectively form a metal sulfide film on a metal surface even in a low-temperature environment, has excellent storage stability, and is suitable as an extreme-pressure additive. The present invention provides a dialkyl sulfide represented by general formula (1) below (in the formula, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent an alkyl group, and n is an integer), wherein the content of a compound having an n value of 1 in the general formula (1) is 10.0% by mass or less relative to the total amount of compounds represented by the general formula (1)

##STR00001##

A process includes forming a bio-derived crosslinking material from biorenewable aconitic acid. The process includes initiating a chemical reaction to form a bio-derived crosslinking material that includes multiple functional groups. The chemical reaction includes converting each carboxylic acid group of a biorenewable aconitic acid molecule to one of the multiple functional groups.

A process includes forming a bio-derived crosslinking material from biorenewable aconitic acid. The process includes initiating a chemical reaction to form a bio-derived crosslinking material that includes multiple functional groups. The chemical reaction includes converting each carboxylic acid group of a biorenewable aconitic acid molecule to one of the multiple functional groups.

A process includes forming a bio-derived crosslinking material from biorenewable aconitic acid. The process includes initiating a chemical reaction to form a bio-derived crosslinking material that includes multiple functional groups. The chemical reaction includes converting each carboxylic acid group of a biorenewable aconitic acid molecule to one of the multiple functional groups.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing methyl mercaptan, in batches or continuously, preferably continuously, said method including at least the following steps: a) reacting at least one hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen sulphide (H.sub.2S) and optionally sulphur (S) such as to form carbon disulphide (CS.sub.2) and hydrogen (H.sub.2); b) reacting said carbon disulphide (CS.sub.2) by hydrogenation in the presence of said hydrogen (H.sub.2) obtained in step a) such as to form methyl mercaptan (CH.sub.3SH), hydrogen sulphide (H.sub.2S) and possibly hydrogen (H2); c) optionally recirculating said hydrogen sulphide (H.sub.2S) formed during step b) to step a); and d) recovering the methyl mercaptan.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing methyl mercaptan, in batches or continuously, preferably continuously, said method including at least the following steps: a) reacting at least one hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen sulphide (H.sub.2S) and optionally sulphur (S) such as to form carbon disulphide (CS.sub.2) and hydrogen (H.sub.2); b) reacting said carbon disulphide (CS.sub.2) by hydrogenation in the presence of said hydrogen (H.sub.2) obtained in step a) such as to form methyl mercaptan (CH.sub.3SH), hydrogen sulphide (H.sub.2S) and possibly hydrogen (H2); c) optionally recirculating said hydrogen sulphide (H.sub.2S) formed during step b) to step a); and d) recovering the methyl mercaptan.