The present disclosure relates to a method of preventing and/or treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (II): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1, R2, R3, X and Y are as defined in the specification;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or solvate of such a salt. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method of preventing and/or treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I): ##STR00002##
wherein R2, R.sub.3, and X, are as defined in the specification;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or solvate of such a salt. Further, the present invention relates to a compound of Formula (I) for preventing and/or treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and X are as defined in the specification; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or solvate of such a salt.

Polythioether polymers, sealants containing polythioether polymers, and compounds useful as stabilizing monomers in the manufacture of polythioether polymers are provided. In many embodiments the polymers and sealants demonstrate reduced risk of spoilage that may be caused by low temperature storage of the polymer or uncured sealant. Compounds useful as stabilizing monomers include compounds according to formula I:
CH.sub.2CR.sup.1CHR.sup.2SR.sup.3SCHR.sup.4CR.sup.5CH.sub.2[I]
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2H.sub.5, and
wherein R.sup.3 is selected from divalent groups comprising 2-12 carbon atoms, 0-5 ether oxygen atoms and 0-5 thioether sulfur atoms, which may be straight, branched or cyclic.

Polythioether polymers, sealants containing polythioether polymers, and compounds useful as stabilizing monomers in the manufacture of polythioether polymers are provided. In many embodiments the polymers and sealants demonstrate reduced risk of spoilage that may be caused by low temperature storage of the polymer or uncured sealant. Compounds useful as stabilizing monomers include compounds according to formula I:
CH.sub.2CR.sup.1CHR.sup.2SR.sup.3SCHR.sup.4CR.sup.5CH.sub.2[I]
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2H.sub.5, and
wherein R.sup.3 is selected from divalent groups comprising 2-12 carbon atoms, 0-5 ether oxygen atoms and 0-5 thioether sulfur atoms, which may be straight, branched or cyclic.

Fusing agent(s) are described herein. In an example, a fusing agent can comprise a metal bis(dithiolene) complex, at least one electron donor compound, a polar aprotic solvent, and water. In some examples, the at least one electron donor compound can comprise at least one hindered amine light stabilizer compound. In some examples, the polar aprotic solvent can be selected from the group consisting of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and a combination thereof.

The present disclosure relates to a method of preventing and/or treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (II): ##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1, R2, R3, X and Y are as defined in the specification; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or solvate of such a salt. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method of preventing and/or treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I): ##STR00002## wherein R2, R.sub.3, and X, are as defined in the specification; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or solvate of such a salt. Further, the present invention relates to a compound of Formula (I) for preventing and/or treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and X are as defined in the specification; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or solvate of such a salt.

For efficiently producing a dialkyl polysulfide which is able to be favorably used as an extreme-pressure additive which does not easily corrode the metal surface, and an extreme-pressure additive and lubricating fluid composition including the dialkyl polysulfide, provided is a method for producing dialkyl polysulfide including a first step of reacting an olefin compound (a) represented by General Formula (1): R.sup.1R.sup.2CCHR.sup.3 (where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each are an alkyl group, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and the total number of carbon atoms of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is 2 to 20) with sulfur in the presence of a hydrogen sulfide to thereby obtain crude dialkyl polysulfide (A), and a second step of reacting the crude dialkyl polysulfide (A) and a sulfide of an alkali metal in a solvent including an alcohol to thereby reduce the number of sulfur atoms in the crude dialkyl polysulfide (A).

For efficiently producing a dialkyl polysulfide which is able to be favorably used as an extreme-pressure additive which does not easily corrode the metal surface, and an extreme-pressure additive and lubricating fluid composition including the dialkyl polysulfide, provided is a method for producing dialkyl polysulfide including a first step of reacting an olefin compound (a) represented by General Formula (1): R.sup.1R.sup.2CCHR.sup.3 (where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each are an alkyl group, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and the total number of carbon atoms of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is 2 to 20) with sulfur in the presence of a hydrogen sulfide to thereby obtain crude dialkyl polysulfide (A), and a second step of reacting the crude dialkyl polysulfide (A) and a sulfide of an alkali metal in a solvent including an alcohol to thereby reduce the number of sulfur atoms in the crude dialkyl polysulfide (A).

Polythioether polymers, sealants containing polythioether polymers, and compounds useful as stabilizing monomers in the manufacture of polythioether polymers are provided. In many embodiments the polymers and sealants demonstrate reduced risk of spoilage that may be caused by low temperature storage of the polymer or uncured sealant. Compounds useful as stabilizing monomers include compounds according to formula I:

CH.sub.2CR.sup.1CHR.sup.2SR.sup.3SCHR.sup.4CR.sup.5CH.sub.2[I]

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2H.sub.5, and wherein R.sup.3 is selected from divalent groups comprising 2-12 carbon atoms, 0-5 ether oxygen atoms and 0-5 thioether sulfur atoms, which may be straight, branched or cyclic.

Polythioether polymers, sealants containing polythioether polymers, and compounds useful as stabilizing monomers in the manufacture of polythioether polymers are provided. In many embodiments the polymers and sealants demonstrate reduced risk of spoilage that may be caused by low temperature storage of the polymer or uncured sealant. Compounds useful as stabilizing monomers include compounds according to formula I:

CH.sub.2CR.sup.1CHR.sup.2SR.sup.3SCHR.sup.4CR.sup.5CH.sub.2[I]

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2H.sub.5, and wherein R.sup.3 is selected from divalent groups comprising 2-12 carbon atoms, 0-5 ether oxygen atoms and 0-5 thioether sulfur atoms, which may be straight, branched or cyclic.

Among other things, the present invention provides novel isoprenyl compounds capable of effectively modulating inflammatory responses and pharmaceutical, cosmetic, cosmeceutical and topical compositions comprising these isoprenyl compounds. Anti-inflammatory compounds of the present invention are useful in treating or preventing diseases or conditions associated with inflammation. Proinflammatory compounds of the present invention are useful in treating or preventing diseases or conditions associated with suppression of inflammatory responses. Thus, the present invention also provides methods useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions associated with inflammation as well as methods useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions associated with suppression of inflammatory responses.