Catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins comprising Mg, Ti and an electron donor of formula (I) ##STR00001##
In which X and Y are selected from, R.sup.1, and OR.sup.1 and NR.sub.2, B is oxygen or sulphur S is sulphur, R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.15 hydrocarbon groups, optionally contain a heteroatom selected from halogen, P, S, N, O and Si, which can be fused together to form one or more cycles, R is hydrogen or R.sup.1 and A is a bivalent bridging group with chain length between the two bridging bonds being 1-10 atoms.

The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.

The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.

Catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins comprising Mg, Ti and an electron donor of formula (I)

##STR00001##

In which X and Y are selected from, R.sup.1, and OR.sup.1 and NR.sub.2, B is oxygen or sulphur S is sulphur, R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.15 hydrocarbon groups, optionally contain a heteroatom selected from halogen, P, S, N, O and Si, which can be fused together to form one or more cycles, R is hydrogen or R.sup.1 and A is a bivalent bridging group with chain length between the two bridging bonds being 1-10 atoms.

Catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins comprising Mg, Ti and an electron donor of formula (I) ##STR00001## In which X and Y are selected from, R.sup.1, and OR.sup.1 and NR.sub.2, B is oxygen or sulphur S is sulphur, R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.15 hydrocarbon groups, optionally contain a heteroatom selected from halogen, P, S, N, O and Si, which can be fused together to form one or more cycles, R is hydrogen or R.sup.1 and A is a bivalent bridging group with chain length between the two bridging bonds being 1-10 atoms.

Catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins comprising Mg, Ti and an electron donor of formula (I) ##STR00001## In which X and Y are selected from, R.sup.1, and OR.sup.1 and NR.sub.2, B is oxygen or sulphur S is sulphur, R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.15 hydrocarbon groups, optionally contain a heteroatom selected from halogen, P, S, N, O and Si, which can be fused together to form one or more cycles, R is hydrogen or R.sup.1 and A is a bivalent bridging group with chain length between the two bridging bonds being 1-10 atoms.

The present invention provides novel cell-permeable succinates and cell permeable precursors of succinateaimed at increasing ATP-production in mitochondria. The main part of ATP produced and utilized in the eukaryotic cell originates from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, a process to which high-energy electrons are provided by the Kreb's cycle. Not all Kreb's cycle intermediates are readily permeable to the cellular membrane, one of them being succinate. The provision of the novel cell permeable succinates is envisaged to allow passage over the cellular membrane and thus the cell permeable succinates can be used to enhance mitochondrial ATP-output.

The present invention provides novel cell-permeable succinates and cell permeable precursors of succinateaimed at increasing ATP-production in mitochondria. The main part of ATP produced and utilized in the eukaryotic cell originates from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, a process to which high-energy electrons are provided by the Kreb's cycle. Not all Kreb's cycle intermediates are readily permeable to the cellular membrane, one of them being succinate. The provision of the novel cell permeable succinates is envisaged to allow passage over the cellular membrane and thus the cell permeable succinates can be used to enhance mitochondrial ATP-output.

The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.

The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.