Nanoplatelet forms of monolayer metal hydroxides are provided, as well as methods for preparing same. The nanoplatelets are suitable for use in antimicrobial compositions, for pressure treating lumber against wood rot, termites, and fungus, for water treatment for the removal of heavy metal contaminants, for the production of plasmonics devices, for the production of ore, or for the recovery of valuable metals in, e.g., fly ash ponds, mine tailings ponds, or other fluids containing the metal in ionic form. The nanoplatelet forms include copper hydroxide nanoplatelets.

The invention discloses a metal and semi-metal oxide powder that, when applied to an environment, inhibits the growth of colonies of microorganisms, wherein the powder includes particles comprising a particle size distribution between 0.1 to 100 microns, which are formulated as a strongly bonded, porous, composite of nano-scale grains of materials wherein the grains have a surface area of 75 to 300 m.sup.2/g and which have less than about 10.sup.−4% of free radical species by weight, and wherein the powder is adapted to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst when the particles come into contact with a microorganism.

The invention discloses a metal and semi-metal oxide powder that, when applied to an environment, inhibits the growth of colonies of microorganisms, wherein the powder includes particles comprising a particle size distribution between 0.1 to 100 microns, which are formulated as a strongly bonded, porous, composite of nano-scale grains of materials wherein the grains have a surface area of 75 to 300 m.sup.2/g and which have less than about 10.sup.−4% of free radical species by weight, and wherein the powder is adapted to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst when the particles come into contact with a microorganism.

The invention discloses a metal and semi-metal oxide powder that, when applied to an environment, inhibits the growth of colonies of microorganisms, wherein the powder includes particles comprising a particle size distribution between 0.1 to 100 microns, which are formulated as a strongly bonded, porous, composite of nano-scale grains of materials wherein the grains have a surface area of 75 to 300 m.sup.2/g and which have less than about 10.sup.−4% of free radical species by weight, and wherein the powder is adapted to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst when the particles come into contact with a microorganism.

An object of the present invention is to provide an antiviral agent suitable for inactivating a non-enveloped virus, a composition containing thereof, an antiviral product, and a method for producing the same. The antiviral agent against a non-enveloped virus includes at least one selected from a group consisting of (A) a compound containing Al element, Mg element, and O element; (B) a compound containing an alkali metal element or an alkaline earth metal element, Si element, and O element; and (C) a hydroxide containing a divalent metal element.

An object of the present invention is to provide an antiviral agent suitable for inactivating a non-enveloped virus, a composition containing thereof, an antiviral product, and a method for producing the same. The antiviral agent against a non-enveloped virus includes at least one selected from a group consisting of (A) a compound containing Al element, Mg element, and O element; (B) a compound containing an alkali metal element or an alkaline earth metal element, Si element, and O element; and (C) a hydroxide containing a divalent metal element.

An object of the present invention is to provide an antiviral agent suitable for inactivating a non-enveloped virus, a composition containing thereof, an antiviral product, and a method for producing the same. The antiviral agent against a non-enveloped virus includes at least one selected from a group consisting of (A) a compound containing Al element, Mg element, and O element; (B) a compound containing an alkali metal element or an alkaline earth metal element, Si element, and O element; and (C) a hydroxide containing a divalent metal element.

The present invention relates to improving the efficiency of man-made and/or natural organic-based animal manure fertilizers by administration of formulations containing poly(organic acids), [P(OA)]s, and/or their salts dispersed in a Non-aqueous Organic Solvent Delivery System (NOSDS). Utilizing a NOSDS allows for coating all components in a fertilizer formulation including but not limited to Urea, Manure, mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), solid micronutrients such as lime, zinc chloride, etc.) with a layer of [P(OA)]s and/or their salts that liberates, in a plant available form, the micronutrient metals and macronutrients, that are bound as insoluble salts and complexes in the soil. The carboxylic groups of a [P(OA)] that can exist within the [P(OA)] as carboxylic acids, carboxylic anhydrides and/or carboxylic imides, dispersed within the NOSDS, can be neutralized with one or more metals in the form of elemental metals, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal alkylates and metal carbonates and/or nitrogen containing compounds such as ammonia, ammonium hydroxide or organoamines to form a stable dispersion that can contain completely complexed micronutrients and provide the vehicle for the delivery of these nutrients to soils and/or as a coating to the surfaces fertilizer granules and seeds.

The present invention relates to improving the efficiency of man-made and/or natural organic-based animal manure fertilizers by administration of formulations containing poly(organic acids), [P(OA)]s, and/or their salts dispersed in a Non-aqueous Organic Solvent Delivery System (NOSDS). Utilizing a NOSDS allows for coating all components in a fertilizer formulation including but not limited to Urea, Manure, mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), solid micronutrients such as lime, zinc chloride, etc.) with a layer of [P(OA)]s and/or their salts that liberates, in a plant available form, the micronutrient metals and macronutrients, that are bound as insoluble salts and complexes in the soil. The carboxylic groups of a [P(OA)] that can exist within the [P(OA)] as carboxylic acids, carboxylic anhydrides and/or carboxylic imides, dispersed within the NOSDS, can be neutralized with one or more metals in the form of elemental metals, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal alkylates and metal carbonates and/or nitrogen containing compounds such as ammonia, ammonium hydroxide or organoamines to form a stable dispersion that can contain completely complexed micronutrients and provide the vehicle for the delivery of these nutrients to soils and/or as a coating to the surfaces fertilizer granules and seeds.

A composite virucidal filter media is described. The filter media comprises a fibrous substrate comprising a plurality of intermingled fibers, a low cost, nontoxic, hydrophilic polymer without acidic functional groups deposited on a surface of the fibers without the formation of a continuous coating layer on the substrate, and a virucidal metal, a virucidal metal-containing compound, or combinations thereof deposited on the surface of the fibers comprising the hydrophilic polymer without acidic functional groups. The hydrophilic polymer without acidic functional groups can be charged or non-charged. Methods of making virucidal fibrous filter media are also described.