The present invention relates to carbamoyl phenylalaninol analogs and methods of using the same to treat disorders.

What is described is a compound ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different, each a linear or branched alkyl with 1-9 carbons, or an alkenyl or alkynyl with 2 to 11 carbons; L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are the same or different, each a linear alkyl having 3 to 18 carbons; X.sub.1 and X.sub.3 are COO; X.sub.3 is S or O; L.sub.3 is a lower alkyl; R.sub.3 is a lower alkyl; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are the same or different, each a lower alkyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

What is described is a compound of formula I ##STR00001##
wherein X is an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Y is a bond, an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Z is S or O; L is a linear or branched alkylene of 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl of 1 to 18 carbons; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; n is 0 to 6; and m, p, q, and r are independently 1-18;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

What is described is a compound of formula I ##STR00001##
wherein X is an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Y is a bond, an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Z is S or O; L is a linear or branched alkylene of 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl of 1 to 18 carbons; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; n is 0 to 6; and m, p, q, and r are independently 1-18;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

What is described is a compound of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is a linear alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl of 2 to 12 carbons, or a branched alkyl with 12 to 20 carbons, R.sub.2 is a branched alkyl with 12 to 20 carbons, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are independently a linear alkylene with 1-18 carbons or alkenylene with 2-18 carbons, X is S or O, L.sub.3 is a bond or an alkylene with 1 to 6 carbons, R.sub.3 is an alkylene with 1 to 6 carbons, and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are the same or different, each a linear or branched alkyl with 1 to 6 carbons.

What is described is a compound of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is a linear alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl of 2 to 12 carbons, or a branched alkyl with 12 to 20 carbons, R.sub.2 is a branched alkyl with 12 to 20 carbons, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are independently a linear alkylene with 1-18 carbons or alkenylene with 2-18 carbons, X is S or O, L.sub.3 is a bond or an alkylene with 1 to 6 carbons, R.sub.3 is an alkylene with 1 to 6 carbons, and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are the same or different, each a linear or branched alkyl with 1 to 6 carbons.

What is described is a compound of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein X is an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Y is a bond, an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Z is S or O; L is a linear or branched alkylene of 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl of 1 to 18 carbons; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; n is 0 to 6; and m, p, q, and r are independently 1-18;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

What is described is a compound of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein X is an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Y is a bond, an ethene, or an unsubstituted or substituted arene or heteroarene; Z is S or O; L is a linear or branched alkylene of 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl of 1 to 18 carbons; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; n is 0 to 6; and m, p, q, and r are independently 1-18;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins comprising Mg, Ti and an electron donor of formula (I)

##STR00001##

In which X and Y are selected from, R.sup.1, and OR.sup.1 and NR.sub.2, B is oxygen or sulphur S is sulphur, R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.15 hydrocarbon groups, optionally contain a heteroatom selected from halogen, P, S, N, O and Si, which can be fused together to form one or more cycles, R is hydrogen or R.sup.1 and A is a bivalent bridging group with chain length between the two bridging bonds being 1-10 atoms.

Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. The reaction of amines or polyamines with various molecules to form polyamines with differing pKa's will extend the buffering range, derivatives that result in polyamines that have the same pKa yields a greater buffering capacity. Derivatives that result in zwitterionic buffers improve yield by allowing a greater range of stability.