A composition comprising an N.sup.2-phosphinylamidine chromium salt complex having Structure FNPACr I: ##STR00001## wherein CrX.sub.p is a chromium salt where X is a monoanion and p is an integer from 2 to 6. A process comprising a) contacting i) ethylene, and ii) a catalyst system comprising an N.sup.2-phosphinylamidine chromium salt complex having Structure FNPACr I: ##STR00002## wherein CrX.sub.p is a chromium salt where X is a monoanion and p is an integer from 2 to 6; and b) forming an oligomer product in a reaction zone.

A method for preparing a homogenous catalyst for use in preparing a linear alpha olefin includes: preparing a first pre-catalyst solution by mixing a chromium source and a ligand in a first solvent, wherein the first pre-catalyst solution is stored in a first vessel; preparing a second pre-catalyst solution by mixing an organoaluminum compound and a modifier in a second solvent, wherein the second pre-catalyst solution is stored in a second vessel; and simultaneously feeding the first pre-catalyst solution and the second pre-catalyst solution directly into a reaction vessel, wherein the reaction vessel includes a third solvent.

The present invention relates to a chrome compound composed of non-coordinating anions and a trivalent chrome cation, a reactant of the chrome compound and a bidentate ligand, an ethylene oligomerization reaction catalyst system using the chrome compound and the reactant, and a method for preparing an ethylene oligomer using the catalyst system. Through the above conformation, the present invention can selectively produce 1-hexene and 1-octene with high activity while omitting the use of methylaluminoxane (MAO), and can provide an ethylene oligomerization process more suitable for mass production.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing the precipitation of polymers with a high concentration dissolved in a solvent in the operation termination step and suppressing the blockage of the apparatus by the polymers even when the polymers with a high concentration are precipitated, and the invention relates to a method for producing an -olefin low polymer comprising a production operation step and an operation termination step, wherein the supply position of a supply liquid to a distillation column in the operation termination step is changed to a position lower than the supply position of a supply liquid to the distillation column in the production operation step.

The present invention relates to a catalyst composition and a process for the oligomerization of ethylene to produce 1-hexene or 1-octene, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a chromium compound; an NPNPN ligand of the formula (R.sup.1) (R.sup.2)NP(R.sup.3)N(R.sup.4)P(R.sup.5)N(R.sup.6)(R.sup.7), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, amino, trimethylsilyl or C.sub.1-C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl, preferably straight-chain or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, phenyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.20 aryl or C.sub.6-C.sub.20 alkyl-substituted phenyl.

The present invention relates to a process for hydrogenating a substrate including a carbon-heteroatom double bond, the process including the step of reacting the substrate with hydrogen gas in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the hydrogenation catalyst is a complex of formula (I): ##STR00001##
R.sub.1-10, A and Hal are as defined in the specification. The present invention also provides processes for the preparation of the complex of formula (I) and intermediates thereof.

A composition comprising: a) at least 76 mol % C.sub.10 monoolefins, the C.sub.10 monoolefins comprising i) at least 3 mol % 2-butyl-1-hexene, ii) at least 8 mol % 3-propyl-1-heptene, iii) at least 6 mol % 4-ethyl-1-octene, and iv) at least 20 mol % 5-methyl-1-nonene; and b) at least 1 mol % C.sub.14 monoolefins. A composition comprising at least 95 mol % C.sub.10 monoolefins, the C.sub.10 monoolefins comprising i) at least 3 mol % 2-butyl-1-hexene, ii) at least 10 mol % 3-propyl-1-heptene, iii) at least 7 mol % 4-ethyl-1-octene, and iv) at least 24 mol % 5-methyl-1-nonene. Processes to prepare a composition comprising at least 76 mol % C.sub.10 monoolefins and at least 1 mol % C.sub.14 monoolefins, or a composition comprising at least 95 mol % C.sub.10 monoolefins, where the C.sub.10 monoolefins comprise i) at least 3 mol % 2-butyl-1-hexene, ii) at least 10 mol % 3-propyl-1-heptene, iii) at least 7 mol % 4-ethyl-1-octene, and iv) at least 24 mol % 5-methyl-1-nonene.

The invention relates to oligomerization of olefins, such as ethylene, to higher olefins, such as a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using a catalyst system that comprises a) a source of chromium b) one or more activators and c) a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound. Additionally, the invention relates to a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound and a process for making said compound.

The present invention relates to photochemical compositions comprising: a solution comprising an organic solvent, preferably selected from dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, and mixtures thereof with water, a sacrificial electron donor; a proton donor having a pKa in acetonitrile greater than or equal to 28; a photosensitizer whose reduced state has a standard redox potential more negative than 1.45V vs SCE; and a metal porphyrin complex of formula (I) as defined in claim 1,
useful in the production of CH.sub.4 from CO.sub.2 or CO by photochemical catalysis, to a photochemical cell comprising same and to a method for producing CH.sub.4 from CO.sub.2 or CO by photochemical catalysis using same.

The invention relates to oligomerization of olefins, such as ethylene, to higher olefins, such as a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using a catalyst system that comprises a) a source of chromium b) one or more activators and c) a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound. Additionally, the invention relates to a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound and a process for making said compound.