Process for producing alpha olefins comprising contacting ethylene, a zirconium based catalyst system comprising, a hydrocarbylmetal compound, a chain transfer agent, and optionally an organic reaction medium. Chain transfer agents which can be utilized include a) hydrogen, b) a compound comprising a hydrogen silicon bond, a compound having a hydrogen sulfur bond, a compound having a hydrogen phosphorus bond, or c) a transition metal compound chain transfer agent.

Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) are highly porous entities comprising a multidentate organic ligand coordinated to multiple metal centers. MOFs having ambient condition stability may comprise a plurality of metal clusters comprising one or more M.sub.4O clusters (M is a metal), and a plurality of 4-pyrazolecarboxylate ligands coordinated to the plurality of metal clusters to define an at least partially crystalline network structure having a plurality of internal pores. The MOFs may have a Pa3 symmetry, which upon activation may convert into Fm3m symmetry. Methods for synthesizing the MOFs may comprise combining a metal source, such as a preformed metal cluster, with 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid, and reacting the preformed metal cluster with the 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid to form a MOF having an at least partially crystalline network structure with a plurality of internal pores defined therein and comprising a plurality of metal clusters coordinated to a multidentate organic ligand comprising 4-pyrazolecarboxylate.

The subject invention provides synthetic compounds, and compound complexes having catalytic activities towards oxidation or oxygenation, and/or dehydrogenation of various substrates comprising C—H bonds. The catalysts of the subject invention comprise a dinuclear Cu(I)/Cu(II) center that can convert between a resting state and a reactive species. The subject invention also provides methods of using such catalysts for the oxidation of substrates comprising C—H bonds, e.g., hydrocarbons, to synthesize chemicals for use as pharmaceuticals and industrial feedstock.

A process for combined renewable 1-decene and renewable carboxylic diacid production from a fatty acid ester containing feedstock, wherein the feedstock is first subjected to metathesis reaction conditions, recovery of 1-decene and then to microbial oxidation to yield diacids in a fermentation broth. Diacids of unusual carbon chains lengths are thereby obtainable.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) may have Zn(II), Pb(II), and/or Cd(II) as a central metal ion, a 4,4′-bipyridylethylene (bpe) ligand as a first ligand; and fumaric acid (fum) and/or oxalic acid (ox) as a second ligand, wherein the 4,4′-bipyridylethylene ligands are stacked in the MOF, and wherein a distance between two consecutive 4,4′-bipyridylethylene ligands is less than 5 Å. Cycloadditions, particularly photoinduced [2+2] cycloadditions may be catalyzed by such MOFs, and/or the conversion of photoinduced [2+2] cycloadditions in inventive MOFs may be increased by mechanical force, such as by grinding.

The invention relates to a process for the oligomerization of ethylene, carried out at a pressure of between 0.1 and 10.0 MPa, at a temperature of between 30 and 200° C., in a cascade of N gas/liquid reactors in series, N being at least equal to 2, comprising a step of introducing a catalytic oligomerization system into at least the first reactor of the cascade, a step of bringing said catalytic system and an optional solvent into contact with ethylene by introducing said ethylene into the lower part of the reaction chamber of at least the first reactor of the cascade, for each reactor n, a step of withdrawing a liquid fraction in the lower part of the reaction chamber of the reactor n, the liquid fraction being separated into two streams: a first stream corresponding to a first, “main”, part of the liquid fraction, which is conveyed to a heat exchanger for cooling; a second stream corresponding to the second part of the liquid fraction which constitutes the liquid feedstock of the following reactor n+1 in the cascade, a step of introducing said second part of the liquid phase withdrawn from the reactor n towards the reaction chamber of the following reactor n+1 in the direction of flow, a step of cooling said first part of the liquid fraction withdrawn from the reactor n in step c) by passing said first part of the liquid fraction into a heat exchanger in order to obtain a cooled liquid fraction, a step of introducing said liquid fraction cooled in step e) at the top of the reaction chamber of said reactor n, the steps a) to f) being carried out, unless indicated otherwise, for each reactor n of the cascade, n being between 1 and N. The invention also relates to a device of N stirred gas/liquid reactors in a cascade, enabling the oligomerization process to be carried out.

A one-pot synthesis of polymerizable and acyclic urea (meth)acrylates, preferably mono(meth)acrylates, can be performed via in-situ synthesis of urea alcohols or amines followed by direct reaction with a (meth)acrylate reactive diluent. The urea alcohol/amine is obtained from isocyanates and alcohols, amines, or hydroxyamines. Subsequently, the reaction with the (meth)acrylate reactive diluent takes place and the urea (meth)acrylate is directly obtained either in solution with the reactive diluent, or as a pure material after removal of the reactive diluent.

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing fatty olefin metathesis products of high Z-isomeric purity from olefin feedstocks of low Z-isomeric purity. The methods include contacting a contacting an olefin metathesis reaction partner, such as acylated alkenol or an alkenal acetal, with an internal olefin in the presence of a Z-selective metathesis catalyst to form the fatty olefin metathesis product. In various embodiments, the fatty olefin metathesis products are insect pheromones. Pheromone compositions and methods of using them are also described.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a polyethylene wax, the process comprising the steps of providing a catalyst solution, wherein the catalyst solution comprises at least one activating compound, an alkylaluminoxane and a me-tallocene complex, wherein the molar ratio of the activating compound to aluminum comprised in the alkylaluminoxane is from 0.0005 to 0.20; and polymerizing ethylene, by contacting the ethylene and the catalyst solution.

Catalyst systems suitable for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst having a structure according to Formula (VI) or Formula (VII). In Formulas (VI) and (VII), X is a halogen, a (C.sub.2-C.sub.30) carboxylate, acetylacetonate, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) hydrocarbyl; L.sub.1 is a neutral coordinating ligand; n is an integer from 0 to 6; Y is a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryl, a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryloxy, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted alkoxy; and L∩L is a bidentate chelating ligand. The catalyst system may also include an aluminum containing agent which includes a reaction product of an organoaluminum compound and an antifouling compound. The antifouling compound may include one or more quaternary salts.