This invention relates to a process for the synthesis of a non-racemic cyclohexene compound of formula (I) by a Diels-Alder reaction of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (III) wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 and Y have the meanings as defined in the description in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one m-valent metal cation M.sup.m+ wherein the metal M is selected from Scandium (Sc), Yttrium (Y), Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium (Nd), Promethium (Pm), Samarium (Sm), Europium (Eu), Gadolinium 15 (Gd), Terbium (Tb), Dysprosium (Dy), Holmium (Ho), Erbium (Er), Thulium (Tm), Ytterbium (Yb), Lutetium (Lu), Gallium (Ga) and Indium (In), and m is an integer of 1, 2 or 3, and a chiral ligand of the formula (IV) wherein R.sup.10a, R.sup.10b, R.sup.10c, R.sup.10d, R.sup.10a, R.sup.10b, R.sup.10c, R.sup.10d, Z and Z have the meanings as defined in the description.

The present disclosure details various lipids, compositions, and/or methods of optimized systems and delivery vehicles for the delivery of nucleic acid sequences, polypeptides or peptides for use in vaccinating against infectious agents.

[Problem] To provide an internal donor component capable of producing, with high productivity, a propylene polymer having extremely high stereoregularity when used mainly as a solid titanium catalyst component.

[Solution] A polyol ester compound having a specific polycyclic structure represented by formula (1). This ester compound is characterized in that sites including a C-R.sup.3 structure and a C-R.sup.4 structure satisfy a specific relationship.

##STR00001##

A self-tanning composition, such as a sunless tanning composition, a moisturizing composition, or a haircare composition, includes a self-tanning substance. The composition can result in increasing the amount of melanin in melanocytes, increasing melanin synthesis, improving melanin transport, and/or improving the distribution of melanin in suprabasal layers. The composition can be used in methods for darkening skin and/or for sunless tanning.

Provided is a compound of Formula (I):

##STR00001## wherein the variable groups are defined herein.

The application relates to a compound of Formula (I) or (I): ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, prodrug, stereoisomer, or tautomer thereof, which modulates the activity of SSAO, a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) or (I), and a method of treating or preventing a disease in which SSAO plays a role.

There are described ROR modulators of the formula (I), ##STR00001##
or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, wherein all substituents are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same. Such compounds and compositions are useful in methods for modulating ROR activity in a cell and methods for treating a subject suffering from a disease or disorder in which the subject would therapeutically benefit from modulation of ROR activity, for example, autoimmune and/or inflammatory disorders.

Neuroprotective compounds for reducing neurological damage due to cellular stress in an individual are of Formula 1:

##STR00001##

or an enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Ar=aryl; Y=aryl substituent (ortho, meta, or para) selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkyloxy, alkylamino, R.sup.5R.sup.6N, and halo; XO, N, or S; RH, alkyl, aryl, OH, alkyloxy, aryloxy, NH.sub.2, alkylamino, R.sup.5R.sup.6N, or arylamino; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2=alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkyl, or H, individually; R.sup.3=arylCHCH, alkylCHCH, alkyl; R.sup.4H, alkyl, or aryl; and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6=alkyl, individually. Methods of reducing neurological damage due to cellular stress in an individual include administering to the individual during or after the cellular stress a neuroprotective compound of Formula I in a therapeutically effective amount to restore synaptic function during or after the cellular stress.

The present disclosure generally relates to a process for hydroboration of an alkene or alkyne using ammonia borane (AB). In particular, the present invention relates to hydroboration of an alkene or alkyne in the presence of air or moisture, and a clean process for facile preparation of an alcohol by oxidizing the organoborane so formed with hydrogen peroxide. The products, including aminodialkylboranes, ammonia trialkylborane complexes, as well as various alcohols so prepared, are within the scope of this disclosure.

Provided herein are compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating the integrated stress response (ISR) and for treating related diseases; disorders and conditions.