An oil-water separation apparatus is provided which can easily separate and collect oil from a liquid mixture containing water and oil at low cost. The oil-water separation apparatus includes an oil-water-separating member configured to separate a liquid mixture containing water and oil into moisture and oil, and a liquid reservoir subdivided into an upper region and a lower region by the oil-water-separating member. The oil-water separation apparatus filters the liquid mixture by gravity. The oil-water-separating member includes a base which includes a channel for the liquid mixture. The oil-water-separating member is formed in the base, and the oil-water-separating member contains a fluorine compound which has an oil-repellency-imparting group and a hydrophilicity-imparting group. A drain port for discharging the moisture is formed in the lower region of the liquid reservoir.

An oil-water separation apparatus is provided which can easily separate and collect oil from a liquid mixture containing water and oil at low cost. The oil-water separation apparatus includes an oil-water-separating member configured to separate a liquid mixture containing water and oil into moisture and oil, and a liquid reservoir subdivided into an upper region and a lower region by the oil-water-separating member. The oil-water separation apparatus filters the liquid mixture by gravity. The oil-water-separating member includes a base which includes a channel for the liquid mixture. The oil-water-separating member is formed in the base, and the oil-water-separating member contains a fluorine compound which has an oil-repellency-imparting group and a hydrophilicity-imparting group. A drain port for discharging the moisture is formed in the lower region of the liquid reservoir.

The present disclosure relates to novel compounds of Formula I ##STR00001##
wherein each of R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.d and R.sup.e is independently H; R.sup.c is selected from the group consisting of H, hydroxyl, halo, alkyl, alkoxy, CF.sub.3, SO.sub.2CH.sub.3, and morpholino, R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, or CH?C(CH.sub.3).sub.2; and R.sup.2 is specific substituted cyclic amino groups. The invention also discloses pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and methods of using the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for treating neurogenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.

Provided herein is the design and synthesis of novel molecular rotor fluorophores useful for detection of amyloid or amyloid like proteins. The fluorophores are designed to exhibit enhanced fluorescence emission upon associating with amyloid or amyloid like proteins as compared to unbound compound. Also disclosed herein are methods for treating diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid like proteins.

Provided herein is the design and synthesis of novel molecular rotor fluorophores useful for detection of amyloid or amyloid like proteins. The fluorophores are designed to exhibit enhanced fluorescence emission upon associating with amyloid or amyloid like proteins as compared to unbound compound. Also disclosed herein are methods for treating diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid like proteins.

Provided are a cationic lipid which facilitates the introduction of a nucleic acid into, for example, a cell or the like; a composition containing the cationic lipid and a nucleic acid; a method for introducing a nucleic acid into a cell by using a composition containing the cationic lipid and the nucleic acid; and the like. The cationic lipid is, for example, a cationic lipid represented by formula (A): formula (A): ##STR00001##
(wherein R.sup.1 is alkenyl or the like, R.sup.2 is alkenyl or the like, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each alkyl, or are combined together to form alkylene, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 are combined together to form alkylene, R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or the like, or is combined together with R.sup.3 to form alkylene, X.sup.1 is alkylene, and X.sup.2 is a single bond or alkylene).

Provided are a cationic lipid which facilitates the introduction of a nucleic acid into, for example, a cell or the like; a composition containing the cationic lipid and a nucleic acid; a method for introducing a nucleic acid into a cell by using a composition containing the cationic lipid and the nucleic acid; and the like. The cationic lipid is, for example, a cationic lipid represented by formula (A): formula (A): ##STR00001##
(wherein R.sup.1 is alkenyl or the like, R.sup.2 is alkenyl or the like, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each alkyl, or are combined together to form alkylene, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 are combined together to form alkylene, R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or the like, or is combined together with R.sup.3 to form alkylene, X.sup.1 is alkylene, and X.sup.2 is a single bond or alkylene).

The present invention provides compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides an agent for the prophylactic or treatment of diabetes, diabetic complications, insulin resistance syndrome, metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiac failure, cardiomyopathy, myocardial ischemia, brain ischemia, cerebral apoplexy, pulmonary hypertension, hyperlactacidemia, mitochondrial disease, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy or cancer, namely, a PDHK inhibitor and the like. A compound represented by the following formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof:

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.