The present invention is related to processes for preparing chiral substituted pyrazolyl pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines of Formula III, and related synthetic intermediate compounds. The chiral substituted pyrazolyl pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines are useful as inhibitors of the Janus Kinase family of protein tyrosine kinases (JAKs) for treatment of inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and other diseases. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of baricitinib and an intermediate thereof. The present invention provides a convenient, economical, and industrially advantageous two-step process for the preparation of [4-(IH-pyrazol-4-yl)-7Hpyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-7-yl]methyl pivalate of Formula (II). The process of the present invention involves the use of an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate as a base for reacting 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine of Formula (III) with chloromethyl pivalate of Formula (IV), and the use of an unprotected pyrazole borolane of Formula (VIII) for the conversion of (4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate of Formula V into [4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7Hpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl]methyl pivalate of Formula (II). The process of the present invention provides [4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl]methyl pivalate of Formula (I) in high yield.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of baricitinib and an intermediate thereof. The present invention provides a convenient, economical, and industrially advantageous two-step process for the preparation of [4-(IH-pyrazol-4-yl)-7Hpyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-7-yl]methyl pivalate of Formula (II). The process of the present invention involves the use of an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate as a base for reacting 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine of Formula (III) with chloromethyl pivalate of Formula (IV), and the use of an unprotected pyrazole borolane of Formula (VIII) for the conversion of (4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate of Formula V into [4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7Hpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl]methyl pivalate of Formula (II). The process of the present invention provides [4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl]methyl pivalate of Formula (I) in high yield.

A method for producing (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane includes the following steps (A), (B), and (C). Step (A) is a step of optically resolving 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, step (B) is a step of racemizing the (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (A) or (C) to obtain 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, and step (C) is a step of optically resolving the 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (B) to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane.

A method for producing (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane includes the following steps (A), (B), and (C). Step (A) is a step of optically resolving 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, step (B) is a step of racemizing the (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (A) or (C) to obtain 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, and step (C) is a step of optically resolving the 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (B) to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane.

The present invention relates to HSF activating compounds, methods for their discovery, and their research and therapeutic uses, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, chelates, non-covalent complexes, prodrugs, mixtures (including both R and S enantiomeric forms and racemic mixtures thereof), and pharmaceutical Formulations thereof. In particular, the present invention provides compounds capable of facilitating HSF1 homotrimerization, and methods of using such compounds as therapeutic agents to treat a number of conditions associated with irregular HSF1 activity.

A method for producing (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane includes the following steps (A), (B), and (C). Step (A) is a step of optically resolving 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, step (B) is a step of racemizing the (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (A) or (C) to obtain 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, and step (C) is a step of optically resolving the 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (B) to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane.

Described herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds which are prodrugs of ALOX-15 inhibitors. Also described herein are methods for using such compounds in the treatment of disease.

Described herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds which are prodrugs of ALOX-15 inhibitors. Also described herein are methods for using such compounds in the treatment of disease.

There are provided inter alia multisubstituted aromatic compounds useful for the inhibition of thrombin, which compounds include substituted pyrazolyl or substituted triazolyl. There are additionally provided pharmaceutical compositions. There are additionally provided methods of treating and preventing a disease or disorder, which disease or disorder is amenable to treatment or prevention by the inhibition of thrombin.