The disclosure provides compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion of a copper surface using a bis-imidazoline compound having an aromatic group, such as an aryl bis-imidazoline. The bis-imidazoline corrosion inhibitor can provide one or more advantage in use such as synergistic performance in aqueous and acidic media at low active dosages, resistance to decomposition or degradation in the presence of harsh reagents, ease of dispersion in an aqueous system, and improved thermal stability over conventional triazole based inhibitors. The disclosure also provides methods for the synthesis of bis-imidazoline compounds.

A method of enhanced oil recovery wherein: (a) a flooding composition is delivered into a subterranean reservoir; (b) the flooding composition includes a sulfur surfactant; and (c) the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir can also be analyzed to determine if the surfactant is present in the fluid. The surfactant preferably includes a sulfonate moiety or other sulfur-containing moiety. The presence of the surfactant in the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir is preferably determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC-AES, or HPLC-ICP.

A method of enhanced oil recovery wherein: (a) a flooding composition is delivered into a subterranean reservoir; (b) the flooding composition includes a sulfur surfactant; and (c) the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir can also be analyzed to determine if the surfactant is present in the fluid. The surfactant preferably includes a sulfonate moiety or other sulfur-containing moiety. The presence of the surfactant in the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir is preferably determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC-AES, or HPLC-ICP.

A method of enhanced oil recovery wherein: (a) a flooding composition is delivered into a subterranean reservoir; (b) the flooding composition includes a sulfur surfactant; and (c) the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir can also be analyzed to determine if the surfactant is present in the fluid. The surfactant preferably includes a sulfonate moiety or other sulfur-containing moiety. The presence of the surfactant in the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir is preferably determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC-AES, or HPLC-ICP.

A method of enhanced oil recovery wherein: (a) a flooding composition is delivered into a subterranean reservoir; (b) the flooding composition includes a sulfur surfactant; and (c) the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir can also be analyzed to determine if the surfactant is present in the fluid. The surfactant preferably includes a sulfonate moiety or other sulfur-containing moiety. The presence of the surfactant in the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir is preferably determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC-AES, or HPLC-ICP.

The present invention provides strategies to improve the moisture management properties of textiles while retaining high comfort levels. The treatments also help to protect textiles against microbial growth. The treatment strategies of the present invention are based at least in part on the use of cationic bis-imidazoline(s) and their salts. Quaternized bis-imidazoline cations and their salts are particularly preferred.

The present invention provides strategies to improve the moisture management properties of textiles while retaining high comfort levels. The treatments also help to protect textiles against microbial growth. The treatment strategies of the present invention are based at least in part on the use of cationic bis-imidazoline(s) and their salts. Quaternized bis-imidazoline cations and their salts are particularly preferred.

Provided herein are compounds useful for the treatment of HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of inhibiting, suppressing, or preventing HBV infection in the subject.

The present disclosure relates in part to sterically hindered N-aliphatic N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, which are readily synthetically available from inexpensive starting materials. The present disclosure further relates to NHC catalyst complexes comprising transition metals such as Cu, Ag, Au, and Pd. Furthermore, the present disclosure provides methods for using the catalysts described herein in a number of organic transformations, including alkyne hydroboration and hydration, in addition to CO, CC, and CN coupling reactions.

A method of enhanced oil recovery wherein: (a) a flooding composition is delivered into a subterranean reservoir; (b) the flooding composition includes a sulfur surfactant; and (c) the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir can also be analyzed to determine if the surfactant is present in the fluid. The surfactant preferably includes a sulfonate moiety or other sulfur-containing moiety. The presence of the surfactant in the fluid produced from the subterranean reservoir is preferably determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC-AES, or HPLC-ICP.