This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One): ##STR00001##
and processes associated therewith.

The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.

The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.

Described herein are compounds useful as glutamate transport modulators, such as GLT-1 modulators. Also described herein is a method of increasing glutamate clearance by a GLT-1 containing cell, the method including contacting the cell with a compound contemplated herein. Also described herein is a method of preventing, treating and/or ameliorating a neurological disorder in a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound contemplated herein.

Described herein are compounds useful as glutamate transport modulators, such as GLT-1 modulators. Also described herein is a method of increasing glutamate clearance by a GLT-1 containing cell, the method including contacting the cell with a compound contemplated herein. Also described herein is a method of preventing, treating and/or ameliorating a neurological disorder in a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound contemplated herein.

A process for the production of bis(pyrrolidino)butane (BPB), the process comprising the reaction of pyrrolidine (PYR) in the presence of hydrogen, a heterogeneous catalyst (catalyst) and optionally 1,4-butanediole (BDO) in the liquid phase.

The present invention relates to small molecule compounds and their use in the treatment of diseases, in particular viral diseases, in particular hepatitis C virus (HCV).

This invention provides novel compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO.sub.2, H.sub.2S, RSH, CS.sub.2, COS, and SO.sub.2.

A cinnamic acid amide derivative having an excellent analgesic action is disclosed herein. The cinnamic acid amide derivative shows excellent analgesic actions to not only a nociceptive pain model animal, but also a neuropathic pain model animal, which is very useful as an agent for treating various pain diseases showing acute or chronic pains or neuropathic pains. The cinnamic acid amide derivative may be a compound represented by formula (I). ##STR00001##

A cinnamic acid amide derivative having an excellent analgesic action is disclosed herein. The cinnamic acid amide derivative shows excellent analgesic actions to not only a nociceptive pain model animal, but also a neuropathic pain model animal, which is very useful as an agent for treating various pain diseases showing acute or chronic pains or neuropathic pains. The cinnamic acid amide derivative may be a compound represented by formula (I). ##STR00001##