Provided herein are processes for synthesizing mcl-1 inhibitors and intermediates such as compound Z that can be used to prepare them. In particular, provided herein are processes for synthesizing compound A1, and salts or solvates thereof and compound A2, and salts and solvates thereof.

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Methods for conditioning an ethylene epoxidation catalyst are provided. The conditioning methods comprise contacting an ethylene epoxidation catalyst comprising a carrier, having silver and a rhenium promoter deposited thereon, with a conditioning feed gas comprising oxygen for a period of time of at least 2 hours at a temperature that is above 180° C. and at most 250° C., wherein the contacting of the ethylene epoxidation catalyst with the conditioning feed gas occurs in an epoxidation reactor and in the absence of ethylene. Associated methods for the epoxidation of ethylene are also provided.

Methods for conditioning an ethylene epoxidation catalyst are provided. The conditioning methods comprise contacting an ethylene epoxidation catalyst comprising a carrier, having silver and a rhenium promoter deposited thereon, with a conditioning feed gas comprising oxygen for a period of time of at least 2 hours at a temperature that is above 180° C. and at most 250° C., wherein the contacting of the ethylene epoxidation catalyst with the conditioning feed gas occurs in an epoxidation reactor and in the absence of ethylene. Associated methods for the epoxidation of ethylene are also provided.

A metal-organic framework (MOF) MIL-125 and a preparation method and a use thereof are provided. The MOF MIL-125 is a round cake-like crystal and has an external specific surface area (SSA) of 160 m.sup.2/g to 220 m.sup.2/g. The MOF MIL-125 provided in the present application has a large number of microporous structures, a large external SSA, and a high catalytic activity in oxidation.

The present disclosure generally relates to the field of biological control of Ectropis. oblique and Ectropis grisescens as pests in tea plantations, and in particular to a high efficient sex pheromone lures for E. oblique and E. grisescens. By combinating (3Z,6Z,9Z)-octadecatriene with two different configurations of (3Z,9Z)-6,7-epoxy-octadecadiene and (3Z,6Z)-9,10-epoxy-octadecadiene, high efficient sex pheromone lures were obtained. The high efficient sex pheromone lures have significantly improved trapping effect on E. oblique and E. grisescens.

The present disclosure generally relates to the field of biological control of Ectropis. oblique and Ectropis grisescens as pests in tea plantations, and in particular to a high efficient sex pheromone lures for E. oblique and E. grisescens. By combinating (3Z,6Z,9Z)-octadecatriene with two different configurations of (3Z,9Z)-6,7-epoxy-octadecadiene and (3Z,6Z)-9,10-epoxy-octadecadiene, high efficient sex pheromone lures were obtained. The high efficient sex pheromone lures have significantly improved trapping effect on E. oblique and E. grisescens.

Catalytic process for producing alkylene epoxide, selected between ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, from the corresponding alkylene carbonate, selected between ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, comprising the decomposition reaction of alkylene carbonate, in the presence of sodium bromide as catalyst,

in which: the reaction temperature is between 207 and 245° C., and the catalyst is in amounts comprised between 5×10.sup.−4 and 8×10.sup.−3 moles per mole of alkylene carbonate.

This process can be carried out continuously. A further object of the invention is the modular plant which allows carrying out such a process.

Catalytic process for producing alkylene epoxide, selected between ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, from the corresponding alkylene carbonate, selected between ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, comprising the decomposition reaction of alkylene carbonate, in the presence of sodium bromide as catalyst,

in which: the reaction temperature is between 207 and 245° C., and the catalyst is in amounts comprised between 5×10.sup.−4 and 8×10.sup.−3 moles per mole of alkylene carbonate.

This process can be carried out continuously. A further object of the invention is the modular plant which allows carrying out such a process.

Disclosed are a composite absorbent and a method for using same in the absorption and conversion of ethylene oxide for the coupling co-production of ethylene carbonate. The composite absorbent comprises an ionic liquid and ethylene carbonate, wherein the ionic liquid is an imidazole ionic liquid, a quaternary ammonium ionic liquid and a quaternary phosphonium ionic liquid. The composite absorbent is used for absorbing ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide, and is also used in the absorption and conversion of ethylene oxide for the coupling co-production of ethylene carbonate.

A chemical molding comprising a zeolitic material which exhibits a type I nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm determined as described in Reference Example 1, and which has framework type MFI and a framework structure comprising Si, O, and Ti, the molding further comprising a binder for said zeolitic material, the binder comprising Si and O, wherein the molding exhibits a total pore volume of at least 0.4 mL/g and a crushing strength of at least 6 N.