In some embodiments, a method may include inhibiting and/or dispersing a biofilm. The method may include administering a composition to a biofilm on a surface. In some embodiments, the biofilm may include a plurality of microorganisms coupled together. The composition may include a boric acid. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the composition is dissolved in a solvent. In some embodiments, the method may include dispersing the biofilm using the composition. In some embodiments, the method may include dispersing the biofilm by uncoupling at least some of the plurality of microorganisms. In some embodiments, the method may include administering to the surface an antimicrobial treatment.

In some embodiments, a method may include inhibiting and/or dispersing a biofilm. The method may include administering a composition to a biofilm on a surface. In some embodiments, the biofilm may include a plurality of microorganisms coupled together. The composition may include a boric acid. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the composition is dissolved in a solvent. In some embodiments, the method may include dispersing the biofilm using the composition. In some embodiments, the method may include dispersing the biofilm by uncoupling at least some of the plurality of microorganisms. In some embodiments, the method may include administering to the surface an antimicrobial treatment.

A composition for mitigating, inhibiting, ameliorating and/or eliminating phytoplankton growth in a waterbody, the composition comprising an active ingredient at concentration of 80.0-99.5% (w/w) of the composition and a coating material at concentration of 0.5-20% (w/w) of the composition; wherein the critical surface tension of the composition is between 15-60 dyn/cm and wherein the relative density of the composition, prior to being submerged in water, is above 1 g/cm.sup.3.

A composition for mitigating, inhibiting, ameliorating and/or eliminating phytoplankton growth in a waterbody, the composition comprising an active ingredient at concentration of 80.0-99.5% (w/w) of the composition and a coating material at concentration of 0.5-20% (w/w) of the composition; wherein the critical surface tension of the composition is between 15-60 dyn/cm and wherein the relative density of the composition, prior to being submerged in water, is above 1 g/cm.sup.3.

In one aspect, the present disclosure belongs to the new material field and can be used to produce atomic-state fluid iodine by iodine atom rearrangement occurring in the pseudo-critical reaction system. In one aspect, the atomic-state fluid iodine has a specific gravity of about 3.8-4.0 g/mL and maintains stable physical state under 10-100 C and light environment without sublimation or decomposition. As a new-type iodine-structural material, atomic-state fluid iodine and atomic-state nano-iodine can be used as the 4.sup.th generation of atomic-state iodine disinfectant for human, animal and living environment, experimental data show that as atomic-state germicide in agricultural production, it can prevent and cure specific parasitism disease of plant, such as Citrus Huanglongbing and citrus bacterial canker disease, banana panama disease, fruit tree branch blight disease and plant virus disease, and it can also be used as a substitution in medical and health field for its features of safety, stability and high potency.

In one aspect, the present disclosure belongs to the new material field and can be used to produce atomic-state fluid iodine by iodine atom rearrangement occurring in the pseudo-critical reaction system. In one aspect, the atomic-state fluid iodine has a specific gravity of about 3.8-4.0 g/mL and maintains stable physical state under 10-100 C and light environment without sublimation or decomposition. As a new-type iodine-structural material, atomic-state fluid iodine and atomic-state nano-iodine can be used as the 4.sup.th generation of atomic-state iodine disinfectant for human, animal and living environment, experimental data show that as atomic-state germicide in agricultural production, it can prevent and cure specific parasitism disease of plant, such as Citrus Huanglongbing and citrus bacterial canker disease, banana panama disease, fruit tree branch blight disease and plant virus disease, and it can also be used as a substitution in medical and health field for its features of safety, stability and high potency.

In one aspect, the present disclosure belongs to the new material field and can be used to produce atomic-state fluid iodine by iodine atom rearrangement occurring in the pseudo-critical reaction system. In one aspect, the atomic-state fluid iodine has a specific gravity of about 3.8-4.0 g/mL and maintains stable physical state under 10-100 C and light environment without sublimation or decomposition. As a new-type iodine-structural material, atomic-state fluid iodine and atomic-state nano-iodine can be used as the 4.sup.th generation of atomic-state iodine disinfectant for human, animal and living environment, experimental data show that as atomic-state germicide in agricultural production, it can prevent and cure specific parasitism disease of plant, such as Citrus Huanglongbing and citrus bacterial canker disease, banana panama disease, fruit tree branch blight disease and plant virus disease, and it can also be used as a substitution in medical and health field for its features of safety, stability and high potency.

A business method is provided for the sale of a high-stability non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution in which high-stability non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine is dissolved in water, then citric acid, at least one iodine ion stabilizing agent, at least one non-ionic surfactant and at least one emulsifier are added, then the pH is adjusted to 5 with at least one pH adjusting agent, so as to prepare the high-stable non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution. The stability of the high-stable non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution is such that a degradation rate of iodine activity at 85 C. for 15 hours is less than 6.0% thereby allowing for a warranty to be provided consistent with this novel level of stability.

A business method is provided for the sale of a high-stability non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution in which high-stability non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine is dissolved in water, then citric acid, at least one iodine ion stabilizing agent, at least one non-ionic surfactant and at least one emulsifier are added, then the pH is adjusted to 5 with at least one pH adjusting agent, so as to prepare the high-stable non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution. The stability of the high-stable non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution is such that a degradation rate of iodine activity at 85 C. for 15 hours is less than 6.0% thereby allowing for a warranty to be provided consistent with this novel level of stability.

A business method is provided for the sale of a high-stability non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution in which high-stability non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine is dissolved in water, then citric acid, at least one iodine ion stabilizing agent, at least one non-ionic surfactant and at least one emulsifier are added, then the pH is adjusted to 5 with at least one pH adjusting agent, so as to prepare the high-stable non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution. The stability of the high-stable non-ionic N-vinyl butyrolactam iodine solution is such that a degradation rate of iodine activity at 85 C. for 15 hours is less than 6.0% thereby allowing for a warranty to be provided consistent with this novel level of stability.