A method of forming a film on a substrate is disclosed. The method comprises: heating a thiodisilane according to formula (I) (R.sup.1aR.sup.1bR.sup.1cCS).sub.s(R.sup.2.sub.2N).sub.n(Si—Si)X.sub.xH.sub.h (I) in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD) process under thermal or plasma conditions to give a silicon-containing film disposed on the substrate, wherein: subscript s, n, x, h and R.sup.1a, R.sup.1b, R.sup.1c, R.sup.2.sub.2, and X are as described herein.

The invention relates to halogenated tetrasilylboranates of the general formula

M.sup.z+[B(SiR.sub.mX.sub.n).sub.4.sup.−].sub.z  (I),

where the radicals and indices have the meanings indicated in claim 1, with the proviso that m+n=3,
processes for the production thereof and also the use.

A method for forming a modified surface comprising (1) on a substrate is provided wherein a reactive groups on the surface is condensed with alcohols, thiols, silanes or phosphonic acid in the presence of microwave energy.

To provide modified colloidal silica capable of improving the stability of the polishing speed with time when used as abrasive grains in a polishing composition for polishing a polishing object that contains a material to which charged modified colloidal silica easily adheres, such as a SiN wafer, and to provide a method for producing the modified colloidal silica.

Modified colloidal silica, being obtained by modifying raw colloidal silica, wherein

the raw colloidal silica has a number distribution ratio of 10% or less of microparticles having a particle size of 40% or less relative to a volume average particle size based on Heywood diameter (equivalent circle diameter) as determined by image analysis using a scanning electron microscope.

The present invention relates to novel microporous zirconium silicate compositions that are formulated to remove toxins, e.g. potassium ions, from the gastrointestinal tract at an elevated rate without causing undesirable side effects. The preferred formulations are designed avoid increase in pH of urine in patients and/or avoid potential entry of particles into the bloodstream of the patient. Also disclosed is a method for preparing high purity crystals of UZSi-9 exhibiting an enhanced level of potassium exchange capacity. These compositions are particularly useful in the therapeutic treatment of hyperkalemia.

Described herein are precursors and methods for forming silicon-containing films. In one aspect, there is provided a precursor of Formula I:

##STR00001##

as described herein.

Surface hydroxyl groups on porous and nonporous metal oxides, such as silica gel and alumina, were metalated with catalyst precursors, such as complexes of earth abundant metals (e.g., Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn and Mg). The metalated metal oxide catalysts provide a versatile family of recyclable and reusable single-site solid catalysts for catalyzing a variety of organic transformations. The catalysts can also be integrated into a flow reactor or a supercritical fluid reactor.

Functionalized Group IVA particles, methods of preparing the Group IVA particles, and methods of using the Group IVA particles are provided. The Group IVA particles may be passivated with at least one layer of material covering at least a portion of the particle. The layer of material may be a covalently bonded non-dielectric layer of material. The Group IVA particles may be used in various technologies, including lithium ion batteries and photovoltaic cells.

Embodiments of the presently-disclosed subject matter include a composition that comprises a particle, a plurality of surface functional groups on a surface of the particle, and a plurality of coating polymers bound to the surface functional groups and forming a coating on the particle that includes a density ratio of about 0.1 to about 20.0, the density ratio being equal to a Flory radius of the plurality of coating polymers divided by a distance between adjacent surface functional groups. Embodiments of the presently-disclosed subject matter also include methods for making the present compositions as well as methods for using the present compositions to deliver a bioactive agent and treat a subject in need thereof.

A composition contains a naphthalocyanine derivative represented by the following formula:

##STR00001##

where R.sub.1 to R.sub.8 are each independently an alkyl group, and R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 are each independently an aryl group.