An etchant composition includes phosphoric acid and a silane compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein A is an n-valent radical, L is C.sub.1-C.sub.5 hydrocarbylene, R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, hydrocarbyl, or alkoxy, in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 exist respectively or are connected to each other by a heteroelement, and n is an integer of 2 to 5.

An etchant composition includes phosphoric acid and a silane compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein A is an n-valent radical, L is C.sub.1-C.sub.5 hydrocarbylene, R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, hydrocarbyl, or alkoxy, in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 exist respectively or are connected to each other by a heteroelement, and n is an integer of 2 to 5.

A light-absorbing composition according to the present invention includes: a light absorber formed by a phosphonic acid represented by the following formula (a) and copper ion, the light absorber being dispersed in the light-absorbing composition; a phosphoric acid ester allowing the light absorber to be dispersed; and a curable resin. When the light-absorbing composition is applied and cured on one principal surface of a transparent dielectric substrate to form a laminate consisting of a light-absorbing layer being a cured product of the light-absorbing composition and the transparent dielectric substrate, the laminate satisfies predetermined requirements.

##STR00001##

In one aspect, a chelating phosphine-phosphonic diamide (PPDA) ligand is described herein for constructing transition metal complexes operable for catalysis of olefin polymerization, including copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomer.

Pt-xanthene-iodine complex and Pt-xanthene-bromine complex, and use thereof for catalysis of a hydroformylation reaction.

Disclosed is a method of preparing glufosinate, and specifically a method of preparing glufosinate represented by formula (1) or its salt or enantiomer, or a mixture of its enantiomers in any ratio, comprising a step of hydrolyzing a compound of formula (III) to generate a compound of formula (1). Due to a distinctive reaction mechanism adopted in the method of the present disclosure, a halogenated hydrocarbon by-product in the Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction can be avoided and thus the destructive impact of the halogenated hydrocarbon by-product on ozone in the aerosphere can be prevented. Accordingly, the equipment and engineering investments required for the separation, purification, and collection of the foregoing by-product are eliminated, and the potential environmental and safety hazards brought by the foregoing by-product are also avoided.

##STR00001##

Disclosed is a method of preparing glufosinate, and specifically a method of preparing glufosinate represented by formula (1) or its salt or enantiomer, or a mixture of its enantiomers in any ratio, comprising a step of hydrolyzing a compound of formula (III) to generate a compound of formula (1). Due to a distinctive reaction mechanism adopted in the method of the present disclosure, a halogenated hydrocarbon by-product in the Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction can be avoided and thus the destructive impact of the halogenated hydrocarbon by-product on ozone in the aerosphere can be prevented. Accordingly, the equipment and engineering investments required for the separation, purification, and collection of the foregoing by-product are eliminated, and the potential environmental and safety hazards brought by the foregoing by-product are also avoided.

##STR00001##

Provided is a method for oligomerization of ethylene, and more particularly, a method for producing 1-hexene and 1-octene at a high selectivity under an ethylene atmosphere by inducing a remarkably improved catalytic activity while effectively reducing a production amount of polyethylene by introducing the oligomerization catalyst and a cocatalyst mixture containing at least two aluminums together and adjusting the kind of oligomerization catalyst and injection conditions thereof.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an N,N-bis(2-dialkylphosphinoethyl)amine-borane complex which is a ruthenium complex that exhibits excellent catalytic activity in a hydrogenation reaction, etc., and a production method therefor, and a method for efficiently producing a ruthenium complex containing N,N-bis(2-dialkylphosphinoethyl)amine as a ligand. The present invention is capable of efficiently producing an amine-borane complex (3) by reacting an oxazolidinone compound (1) with a dialkylphosphine-borane compound (2) in the presence of a base. The present invention is also capable of efficiently producing a ruthenium complex (5) by reacting the amine-borane complex (3) with a ruthenium compound (4) in the presence of an amine. ##STR00001##
(In the formula, a solid line, a dashed line, B, C, H, L.sup.1-L.sup.3, LG, n, N, O, P, Ru, X, and R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are as defined in the description.)

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an N,N-bis(2-dialkylphosphinoethyl)amine-borane complex which is a ruthenium complex that exhibits excellent catalytic activity in a hydrogenation reaction, etc., and a production method therefor, and a method for efficiently producing a ruthenium complex containing N,N-bis(2-dialkylphosphinoethyl)amine as a ligand. The present invention is capable of efficiently producing an amine-borane complex (3) by reacting an oxazolidinone compound (1) with a dialkylphosphine-borane compound (2) in the presence of a base. The present invention is also capable of efficiently producing a ruthenium complex (5) by reacting the amine-borane complex (3) with a ruthenium compound (4) in the presence of an amine. ##STR00001##
(In the formula, a solid line, a dashed line, B, C, H, L.sup.1-L.sup.3, LG, n, N, O, P, Ru, X, and R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are as defined in the description.)